Sperm bauplan and function and underlying processes of sperm formation and selection
Autor: | Maria E. Teves, Eduardo R. S. Roldan |
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Přispěvatelé: | National Institutes of Health (US), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) |
Rok vydání: | 2022 |
Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine endocrine system Sperm function Physiology Sperm form Biology Flagellum Exocytosis 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Physiology (medical) Testis medicine Animals Humans Spermatogenesis Molecular Biology Mammals Sperm-Ovum Interactions 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine Spermatozoon urogenital system General Medicine Biological Evolution Spermatozoa Sperm Cell biology 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Polarized cell Male fertility Ploidy Nucleus Function (biology) |
Zdroj: | Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname |
ISSN: | 1522-1210 0031-9333 |
Popis: | The spermatozoon is a highly differentiated and polarized cell, with two main structures: the head, containing a haploid nucleus and the acrosomal exocytotic granule, and the flagellum, which generates energy and propels the cell; both structures are connected by the neck. The sperm's main aim is to participate in fertilization, thus activating development. Despite this common bauplan and function, there is an enormous diversity in structure and performance of sperm cells. For example, mammalian spermatozoa may exhibit several head patterns and overall sperm lengths ranging from ∼30 to 350 µm. Mechanisms of transport in the female tract, preparation for fertilization, and recognition of and interaction with the oocyte also show considerable variation. There has been much interest in understanding the origin of this diversity, both in evolutionary terms and in relation to mechanisms underlying sperm differentiation in the testis. Here, relationships between sperm bauplan and function are examined at two levels: first, by analyzing the selective forces that drive changes in sperm structure and physiology to understand the adaptive values of this variation and impact on male reproductive success and second, by examining cellular and molecular mechanisms of sperm formation in the testis that may explain how differentiation can give rise to such a wide array of sperm forms and functions. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (Grant R03 HD-101762), the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Grants CGL2016-80577-P and PID2019-108649GB-I00), and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (Grant 2019AEP165). |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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