Ecological connectivity between the areas beyond national jurisdiction and coastal waters: Safeguarding interests of coastal communities in developing countries
| Autor: | Michael J. Roberts, Sean R. Tracey, Stephen Kelly, Ussif Rashid Sumaila, Ruth Fletcher, Warwick H. H. Sauer, Gretta T. Pecl, David Obura, David Vousden, Alex Rogers, Essam Yassin Mohammed, Patrick N. Halpin, Valerie Allain, Kristina M. Gjerde, Ekaterina Popova, Melita Samoilys, Dionysios E. Raitsos, Andrew Yool, Nicola Downey-Breedt |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Economics and Econometrics Jurisdiction business.industry 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology Fishing 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law Aquatic Science 01 natural sciences Ecosystem services Industrialisation Geography Sustainability 040102 fisheries 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Marine ecosystem business Law Environmental planning General Environmental Science Downstream (petroleum industry) Least Developed Countries |
| Zdroj: | Marine Policy. 104:90-102 |
| ISSN: | 0308-597X |
| Popis: | The UN General Assembly has made a unanimous decision to start negotiations to establish an international, legally-binding instrument for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity within Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ). However, there has of yet been little discussion on the importance of this move to the ecosystem services provided by coastal zones in their downstream zone of influence. Here, we identify the ecological connectivity between ABNJ and coastal zones as critically important in the negotiation process and apply several approaches to identify some priority areas for protection from the perspective of coastal populations of Least Developed Countries (LDCs). Initially, we review the scientific evidence that demonstrates ecological connectivity between ABNJ and the coastal zones with a focus on the LDCs. We then use ocean modelling to develop a number of metrics and spatial maps that serve to quantify the connectivity of the ABNJ to the coastal zone. We find that the level of exposure to the ABNJ influences varies strongly between countries. Similarly, not all areas of the ABNJ are equal in their impacts on the coastline. Using this method, we identify the areas of the ABNJ that are in the most urgent need of protection on the grounds of the strength of their potential downstream impacts on the coastal populations of LDCs. We argue that indirect negative impacts of the ABNJ fishing, industrialisation and pollution, communicated via oceanographic, cultural and ecological connectivity to the coastal waters of the developing countries should be of concern. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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