Effect of exercise training on the FNDC5/BDNF pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Autor: Frans H. H. Leenen, Monir Ahmad, Tao Wang, Hong-Wei Wang, Melissa T. Maltez, Heow Won Lee
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Zdroj: Physiological Reports
Physiological Reports, Vol 7, Iss 24, Pp n/a-n/a (2019)
ISSN: 2051-817X
Popis: Increased sympathetic activity contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. Exercise training lowers sympathetic activity and is beneficial for the prevention and treatment of hypertension and associated cognitive impairment. Increased BDNF expression in skeletal muscle, heart, and brain may contribute to these actions of exercise, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are unknown. We postulated that hypertension is associated with decreased hippocampal BDNF, which can be restored by exercise‐mediated upregulation of fibronectin type‐II domain‐containing 5 (FNDC5). Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar–Kyoto rats (WKY) were subjected to 5 weeks of motorized treadmill training. BDNF and FNDC5 expressions were measured in the left ventricle (LV), quadriceps, soleus muscle, and brain areas. Exercise training reduced blood pressure (BP) in both strains. BDNF and FNDC5 protein in the LV were increased in SHR, but exercise increased only BDNF protein in both strains. BDNF mRNA, but not protein, was increased in the quadriceps of SHR, and BDNF mRNA and protein were decreased by exercise in both groups. FNDC5 protein was higher in SHR in both the quadriceps and soleus muscle, whereas exercise increased FNDC5 protein only in the quadriceps in both strains. BDNF mRNA was lower in the dentate gyrus (DG) of SHR, which was normalized by exercise. BDNF mRNA expression in the DG negatively correlated with BP. No differences in FNDC5 expression were observed in the brain, suggesting that enhanced BDNF signaling may contribute to the cardiovascular and neurological benefits of exercise training, and these processes involve peripheral, but not central, FNDC5.
BDNF in the LV and quadriceps were higher in SHR, with increases in FNDC5. Exercise increased BDNF in the LV and decreased BDNF in the quadriceps. Hippocampal BDNF decreased in SHR, but normalized with exercise. FNDC5 was increased by exercise only in skeletal muscle, suggesting a role for peripheral, not central, FNDC5 in inducing BDNF, which may contribute to the benefits of exercise.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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