Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum: prevalences and investigations on a new transmission path in small mammals and ixodid ticks
| Autor: | Tim Tiedemann, Claudia Thiel, Anna Obiegala, Martin Pfeffer, Kurt Pfister, Dietlinde Woll, Cornelia Silaghi, Carolin Karnath, Anneliese Balling |
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| Přispěvatelé: | University of Zurich, Obiegala, Anna |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Předmět: |
Male
0106 biological sciences 10078 Institute of Parasitology Veterinary medicine Disease reservoir Time Factors Ixodes ricinus Ixodidae Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis Transplacental transmission Rodent 030231 tropical medicine 2405 Parasitology Zoology 610 Medicine & health Thiophenes 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine biology.animal 600 Technology parasitic diseases Small mammals Animals Furans Nymph Pathogen Mammals Tick-borne Pathogen 0303 health sciences biology 030306 microbiology Research 2725 Infectious Diseases biology.organism_classification bacterial infections and mycoses Anaplasma phagocytophilum 3. Good health Anaplasmataceae Infectious Diseases Parasitology Anaplasmataceae Infections Emerging pathogen 570 Life sciences Female |
| Zdroj: | Parasites & Vectors |
| ISSN: | 1756-3305 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s13071-014-0563-x |
| Popis: | Background Small mammals are crucial for the life history of ixodid ticks, but their role and importance in the transmission cycle of tick-borne pathogens is mostly unknown. Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis (CNM) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum are both tick-borne pathogens, and rodents are discussed to serve as main reservoir hosts for CNM but not for the latter especially in Germany. Analysing the prevalence of both pathogens in small mammals and their ticks in endemic regions may help to elucidate possible transmission paths in small mammal populations and between small mammals and ticks. Methods In 2012 and 2013, small mammals were trapped at three different sites in Germany. DNA was extracted from different small mammal tissues, from rodent neonates, foetuses and from questing and attached ticks. DNA samples were tested for CNM and A. phagocytophilum by real-time PCR. Samples positive for A. phagocytophilum were further characterized at the 16S rRNA gene locus. Results CNM was detected in 28.6% of small mammals and in 2.2% of questing and 3.8% of attached ticks. Altogether 33 positive ticks were attached to 17 different hosts, while positive ticks per host ranged between one and seven. The prevalences for this pathogen differed significantly within small mammal populations comparing sites (χ2: 13.3987; p: 0.0004) and between sexes. Male rodents had an approximately two times higher chance of infection than females (OR: 1.9652; 95% CI: 1.32-2.92). The prevalence for CNM was 31.8% (95% CI: 22-44) in rodent foetuses and neonates (23 of 67) from positive dams, and 60% (95% CI: 35.7-80.25) of positive gravid or recently parturient rodents (9 out of 15) had at least one positive foetus or neonate. Anaplasma phagocytophilum was detected at a low percentage in rodents (0-5.6%) and host-attached ticks (0.5-2.9%) with no significant differences between rodent species. However, attached nymphs were significantly more often infected than attached larvae (χ2: 25.091; p |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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