The New Macrolide Antibiotics: Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Dirithromycin, and Roxithromycin
| Autor: | Neeta Bahal, Milap C. Nahata |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1992 |
| Předmět: |
Dirithromycin
medicine.drug_class Erythromycin Azithromycin Pharmacology 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy Macrolide Antibiotics 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Clarithromycin Humans Medicine Drug Interactions Pharmacology (medical) Adverse effect Clinical Trials as Topic Roxithromycin business.industry Anti-Bacterial Agents Clinical trial 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Macrolides business medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 26:46-55 |
| ISSN: | 1542-6270 1060-0280 |
| DOI: | 10.1177/106002809202600112 |
| Popis: | OBJECTIVE: To review the chemistry, antimicrobial spectrum, pharmacokinetics, clinical trials, adverse effects, and drug interactions of four new macrolide antibiotics: Azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin, and roxithromycin. DATA SOURCES: Information was obtained from comparative clinical trials, abstracts, conference proceedings, and review articles. Indexing terms included azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin, erythromycin, roxithromycin, and macrolide antibiotics. STUDY SELECTION: Emphasis was placed on comparative clinical trials involving the new macrolide antibiotics. DATA EXTRACTION: Data from human studies published in the English language were evaluated. Trials were assessed by sample size, macrolide dosage regimen, and therapeutic response. DATA SYNTHESIS: The erythromycins have gained widespread use in treating a variety of infections. Although they are effective, limitations include the need to administer four times a day and the intolerable adverse gastrointestinal effects. Four of the more extensively studied agents, azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin, and roxithromycin, are currently being studied in patients. Based on the studies to date, the newer macrolides may offer several advantages over erythromycin, including: (1) greater antimicrobial activity against certain organisms; (2) longer elimination half-life, thus allowing less frequent administration; and (3) lower incidence of adverse gastrointestinal effects. CONCLUSIONS: The new macrolide antibiotics appear to offer an improvement over erythromycin. Definitive conclusions about the role of these drugs should await completion of ongoing clinical studies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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