Shaping markets to benefit global health – A 15-year history and lessons learned from the pentavalent vaccine market

Autor: Robyn Iqbal, Aurelia Nguyen, Gian Gandhi, Philipp Kalpaxis, Melissa Malhame, Andrew Jones, Yalda Momeni, Edward Baker
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy
IPV
inactivated polio virus
PRG
Procurement Reference Group
Economic growth
medicine.medical_specialty
US$
United States Dollar
Global health
M
million
Market dynamics
Context (language use)
Review
WHO
World Health Organization
Pentavalent vaccine
Market shaping
Procurement
Gavi
Gavi The Vaccine Alliance
medicine
Perfect competition
PAHO
Pan American Health Organization
Pentavalent
health care economics and organizations
DTP
diphtheria tetanus pertussis vaccine
Vaccines
Roadmap
Supply and Procurement Roadmap
HMF
Healthy Market Framework
General Veterinary
General Immunology and Microbiology
SPS
Supply and Procurement Strategy
Unintended consequences
Public health
MIC
middle-income country
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
DALY
disability-adjusted life-years
WAP
weighted average price
Product (business)
Immunisation
Infectious Diseases
B
billion
NRA
National Regulatory Authority
HepB
hepatitis B vaccine
Molecular Medicine
DTwP
diphtheria tetanus whole-cell pertussis vaccine
Business
BMGF
The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
lcsh:RC581-607
Hib
haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine
Zdroj: Vaccine: X, Vol 2, Iss, Pp-(2019)
Vaccine: X
ISSN: 2590-1362
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2019.100033
Popis: Market shaping for health products used in lower-income countries strives to benefit public health. As a funder of vaccines, Gavi, The Vaccine Alliance (Gavi) has goals for its market shaping efforts, achieved through a strategy developed and implemented by the Gavi Secretariat, UNICEF, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF). A case-study of Gavi’s fifteen-year engagement with a vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and haemophilus influenzae type b (pentavalent) provides evidence of the benefits and potential risks of trying to influence markets. During 2001–18, Gavi disbursed US$3.5 billion to support use of 50 million pentavalent doses annually before 2005, increasing to ∼300 million doses annually by 2016. During this time, eight manufacturers invested in vaccine development and manufacturing and the first two manufacturers have subsequently ceased production. Following its strategy, Gavi implemented coordinated market interventions including technical assistance to manufacturers, improving market information transparency, risk-sharing agreements and innovative procurement aiming to stimulate and capitalize on a competitive market. In 2018 supply allows ∼80 million children per year to be immunised, a sixteen-fold increase from 2005, with vaccine-related costs per child for donors and countries of one-quarter the 2005 level. Lessons learned include the importance of frameworks and strategies; the need to adjust interventions with changing conditions; the important role of manufacturers; and the potentially powerful effects of interconnected markets. This case study is limited by its focus on a single health product in a specific market, however the lessons can inform other market shaping efforts when taken in context. While countries and children have improved vaccine access, risks of financial sustainability and continued manufacturer investment in Gavi vaccine markets are being monitored. Gavi should continue implementing a market shaping strategy, adjust with market conditions and expect and measure unintended consequences. Keywords: Market shaping, Global health, Vaccines, Immunisation, Pentavalent, Market dynamics
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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