Classical methods and perspectives for manipulating the human gut microbial ecosystem
| Autor: | Marisela González-Avila, Jorge Armando Jiménez-Avalos, Lorena González-López, Zaira Y. García-Carvajal, Gerardo Arrevillaga-Boni |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
030309 nutrition & dietetics
Antimicrobial peptides Gut flora Bioinformatics Inflammatory bowel disease Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering 03 medical and health sciences 0404 agricultural biotechnology Human gut medicine Humans CRISPR Ecosystem 0303 health sciences biology Cas9 Probiotics 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences General Medicine Fecal Microbiota Transplantation biology.organism_classification medicine.disease 040401 food science Gastrointestinal Microbiome Prebiotics Dysbiosis Function (biology) Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 61:234-258 |
| ISSN: | 1549-7852 1040-8398 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/10408398.2020.1724075 |
| Popis: | A healthy Human Gut Microbial Ecosystem (HGME) is a necessary condition for maintaining the orderly function of the whole body. Major alterations in the normal gut microbial composition, activity and functionality (dysbiosis) by an environmental or host-related disruptive event, can compromise metabolic, inflammatory, and neurological processes, causing disorders such as obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and depressive episodes. The restore or the maintaining of the homeostatic balance of Gut Microbiota (GM) populations (eubiosis) is possible through diet, the use of probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, and even Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT). Although these "classic methods" represent an effective and accepted way to modulate GM, the complexity of HGME requires new approaches to control it in a more appropriate way. Among the most promising emergent strategies for modulating GM are the use of engineered nanomaterials (metallic nanoparticles (NP), polymeric-NP, quantum dots, micelles, dendrimers, and liposomes); phagotherapy (i.e., phages linked with the CRISPR/Cas9 system), and the use of antimicrobial peptides, non-antibiotic drugs, vaccines, and immunoglobulins. Here we review the current state of development, implications, advantages, disadvantages, and perspectives of the different approaches for manipulating HGME. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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