Quantitative weight of evidence assessment of higher-tier studies on the toxicity and risks of neonicotinoids in honeybees. 2. Imidacloprid
| Autor: | G. L. Stephenson, Keith R. Solomon |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Insecticides Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis 010501 environmental sciences Biology Toxicology 01 natural sciences Guanidines Risk Assessment chemistry.chemical_compound Neonicotinoids Imidacloprid Oxazines Toxicity Tests Nectar Animals 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Weight of evidence food and beverages Clothianidin Bees Nitro Compounds 010602 entomology Thiazoles chemistry Seed treatment Toxicity Thiamethoxam Risk assessment Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews. 20(6-7) |
| ISSN: | 1521-6950 |
| Popis: | A quantitative weight of evidence (QWoE) methodology was used to assess higher-tier studies on the effects of imidacloprid (IMI) on honeybees. Assessment endpoints were population size and viability of commercially managed bees and quantity of hive products. A colony-level no-observed-adverse effect concentration (NOAEC) of 25 µg IMI/kg syrup, equivalent to an oral no-observed-adverse-effect-dose of 7.3 ng/bee/d for all responses, was measured. The overall weight of evidence indicates that there is minimal risk to honeybees from exposure to IMI from its use as a seed treatment. Exposures via dusts from currently used seed coatings present a de minimis risk to honeybees when the route of exposure is via uptake in plants that are a source of pollen or nectar for honeybees. There were few higher-tier observational (ecoepidemiological) studies conducted with IMI. Considering all lines of evidence, the quality of the studies included in this analysis was variable, but the results of the studies were consistent and point to the same conclusion - that IMI had no adverse effects on viability of the honeybee colony. Thus, the overall conclusion is that IMI, as currently used as a seed treatment and with good agricultural practices, does not present a significant risk to honeybees at the level of the colony. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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