Genome analysis reveals evolutionary mechanisms of adaptation in systemic dimorphic fungi
| Autor: | Christina A. Cuomo, Juan G. McEwen, Oliver K. Clay, José F. Muñoz |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Homothallism Mating type Nonpathogenic Specie Ramificación basal Adaptation Biological lcsh:Medicine Ajellomycetaceae Hongos Chrysosporium lcsh:Science Branching Nonpathogenic Phylogeny Genetics Fungal Pathogens 0303 health sciences Multidisciplinary biology Micosis Genomics Plants Biological Evolution Especie no patógeno Host adaptation Genome Fungal Onygenaceae Dimorphic fungus Hongos patógenos 030106 microbiology Genes Fungal Virulence Locus (genetics) Article 03 medical and health sciences Botany Basal Branching Gene family Animals Humans Heterothallic Gene 030304 developmental biology 030306 microbiology lcsh:R Fungi Computational Biology 15. Life on land biology.organism_classification Enfermedades 030104 developmental biology Mycoses Ramificación no patógenas lcsh:Q Energy Metabolism |
| Zdroj: | Scientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2018) Scientific Reports Klein, B.S., Tebbets, B., Dimorphism and virulence in fungi (2007) Curr Opin Microbiol, 10, pp. 314-319 Repositorio EdocUR-U. Rosario Universidad del Rosario instacron:Universidad del Rosario Repositorio UdeA Universidad de Antioquia instacron:Universidad de Antioquia |
| ISSN: | 2045-2322 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41598-018-22816-6 |
| Popis: | Dimorphic fungal pathogens cause a significant human disease burden and unlike most fungal pathogens affect immunocompetent hosts. Most dimorphic fungi are found in the family Ajellomycetaceae, including the genera Histoplasma, Blastomyces, Paracoccidioides, and the recently described Emergomyces. To examine the origin of virulence and host adaptation in these fungal pathogens, we compared the gene content of classic systemic, opportunistic, and non-pathogenic species, including new genomes for Emmonsia species and two closely non-pathogenic species, Helicocarpus griseus and Polytolypa hystricis. We examined differences in gene content between pathogens and environmental fungi, and found that gene families related to plant degradation, synthesis of secondary metabolites, and amino acid and lipid metabolism are retained in H. griseus and P. hystricis. Genes of central importance in dimorphic pathogenic fungi such as heat shock response proteins, morphological switch related proteins are conserved in non-pathogenic species. However, we found that changes in the copy number of proteases, phosphotransferases and transcription factors in systemic dimorphic relative to non-dimorphic species may have aided the evolution of specialized gene regulatory programs to rapidly adapt to higher temperatures and new nutritional environments. Notably, we found that both more basal non-pathogenic species appear homothallic, with both mating type locus idiomorphs fused at a single locus, whereas all related pathogenic species are heterothallic. These differences revealed that independent changes in nutrient acquisition capacity but similar host/substrate shift from plants to animals have occurred in the Onygenaceae and Ajellomycetaceae, and highlighted how the dimorphic pathogens from Ajellomycetaceae have adapted to the host immune response and decreased their capacity for life stages in environmental niches. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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