Is Infant Immunity Actively Suppressed or Immature?
| Autor: | Ana L. Gervassi, Helen Horton |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Innate immune system
business.industry medicine.medical_treatment T cell Immunology Mesenchymal stem cell Lymphokine lcsh:QR1-502 chemical and pharmacologic phenomena Review Acquired immune system Bioinformatics lcsh:Microbiology Cytolysis Infectious Diseases Cytokine medicine.anatomical_structure Immune system Virology Medicine immune suppression infant vaccines business infant immunity |
| Zdroj: | Virology: Research and Treatment, Vol 2014, Iss 5, Pp 1-9 (2014) Virology : Research and Treatment Virology: Research and Treatment, Vol 5 (2014) |
| Popis: | Almost 7 million children under the age 5 die each year, and most of these deaths are attributable to vaccine-preventable infections. Young infants respond poorly to infections and vaccines. In particular, dendritic cells secrete less IL-12 and IL-18, CD8pos T cells and NK cells have defective cytolysis and cytokine production, and CD4pos T cell responses tend to bias towards a Th2 phenotype and promotion of regulatory T cells (Tregs). The basis for these differences is not well understood and may be in part explained by epigenetic differences, as well as immaturity of the infant's immune system. Here we present a third possibility, which involves active suppression by immune regulatory cells and place in context the immune suppressive pathways of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), CD5pos B cells, and Tregs. The immune pathways that these immune regulatory cells inhibit are similar to those that are defective in the infant. Therefore, the immune deficiencies seen in infants could be explained, in part, by active suppressive cells, indicating potential new avenues for intervention. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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