Evidence for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in vivo in CD14(+) monocytes and its potential role as a source of virus in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy
| Autor: | Tuofu Zhu, Feng Feng, David Muthui, Yon Hwangbo, David C. Nickle, Scott J. Brodie, Sarah Holte, James I. Mullins, Lawrence Corey |
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| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: |
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Gene Expression Regulation Viral Male Cell division Transcription Genetic Anti-HIV Agents CD14 Immunology Cell Molecular Sequence Data Lipopolysaccharide Receptors Viremia HIV Infections Biology HIV Envelope Protein gp120 Lymphocyte Activation Virus Replication Microbiology Virus Monocytes Evolution Molecular Proviruses In vivo Virology Antiretroviral Therapy Highly Active medicine Humans Amino Acid Sequence Phylogeny Virion virus diseases medicine.disease In vitro medicine.anatomical_structure Viral replication Organ Specificity Insect Science HIV-1 RNA Viral Pathogenesis and Immunity Cell Division Half-Life |
| Zdroj: | Journal of virology. 76(2) |
| ISSN: | 0022-538X |
| Popis: | In vitro studies show that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) does not replicate in freshly isolated monocytes unless monocytes differentiate to monocyte-derived macrophages. Similarly, HIV-1 may replicate in macrophages in vivo, whereas it is unclear whether blood monocytes are permissive to productive infection with HIV-1. We investigated HIV-1 replication in CD14 + monocytes and resting and activated CD4 + T cells by measuring the levels of cell-associated viral DNA and mRNA and the genetic evolution of HIV-1 in seven acutely infected patients whose plasma viremia had been + monocytes as well as in activated and resting CD4 + T cells throughout the course of study. While significant variation in the decay slopes of HIV-1 DNA was seen among individual patients, viral decay in CD14 + monocytes was on average slower than that in activated and resting CD4 + T cells. Measurements of HIV-1 sequence evolution and the concentrations of unspliced and multiply spliced mRNA provided evidence of ongoing HIV-1 replication, more pronounced in CD14 + monocytes than in resting CD4 + T cells. Phylogenetic analyses of HIV-1 sequences indicated that after prolonged HAART, viral populations related or identical to those found only in CD14 + monocytes were seen in plasma from three of the seven patients. In the other four patients, HIV-1 sequences in plasma and the three cell populations were identical. CD14 + monocytes appear to be one of the potential in vivo sources of HIV-1 in patients receiving HAART. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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