The empty amnion: a sign of early pregnancy failure
| Autor: | Ruth B. Goldstein, Roy A. Filly, Kathleen M. McKenna, Vickie A. Feldstein |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1995 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Gestational sac Amniotic sac Gestational Age Ultrasonography Prenatal Pregnancy medicine Humans Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Vaginal bleeding Amnion Yolk sac Fetal Death Retrospective Studies Yolk Sac Gynecology Radiological and Ultrasound Technology Obstetrics business.industry Pregnancy Outcome Gestational age Embryo Mammalian medicine.disease Abortion Spontaneous Pregnancy Trimester First medicine.anatomical_structure embryonic structures Gestation Female medicine.symptom business |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 14:117-121 |
| ISSN: | 0278-4297 |
| Popis: | Between 6.5 to 10 weeks of gestation, the length of the amniotic cavity is similar to that of the embryo. It follows that by the time an amniotic sac is detectable sonographically, an embryo of equal length should also be visualized. Retrospective review of case records at our institution revealed 15 patients in whom the amnion was visualized in the absence of an embryonic pole during first trimester sonography (endovaginal and transvesical). Indications for sonographic examination included gestational age estimation, discrepant size and dates, or vaginal bleeding. The mean sac diameter for the 15 gestations ranged from 14 to 36 mm, corresponding to gestational ages of 6.1 to 9.5 weeks. Ages based on the last menstrual period ranged from 6.1 to 11 weeks. A yolk sac was identified in all cases in addition to the amniotic sac, but neither an embryo nor cardiac pulsations were observed. In 12 of the 15 cases the size of the gestational sac was greater than 16 mm, such that the absence of an embryo also met an accepted criterion for a failed pregnancy. Follow-up in all cases confirmed early pregnancy failure. In this series the demonstration of an "empty amnion" (visualization of an amnion but no identifiable embryonic pole) was always associated with pregnancy loss. The "empty amnion" sign is helpful as an additional finding confirming early pregnancy failure. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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