High altitude impairs nasal transepithelial sodium transport in HAPE-prone subjects
| Autor: | Marc Egli, Mattia Lepori, Claudio Sartori, Marco Maggiorini, Pascal Nicod, Urs Scherrer, Hervé Duplain |
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| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine medicine.medical_specialty Pathology Sodium chemistry.chemical_element Pulmonary Edema Altitude Sickness Pathogenesis In vivo Internal medicine Humans Medicine Respiratory system Nose Lung business.industry Altitude Effects of high altitude on humans Hypoxia (medical) Pulmonary Alveoli Nasal Mucosa medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology chemistry Female medicine.symptom business |
| Zdroj: | European Respiratory Journal. 23:916-920 |
| ISSN: | 1399-3003 0903-1936 |
| DOI: | 10.1183/09031936.04.00115304 |
| Popis: | High-altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE) occurs in predisposed individuals at altitudes2,500 m. Defective alveolar fluid clearance secondary to a constitutive impairment of the respiratory transepithelial sodium transport contributes to its pathogenesis. Hypoxia impairs the transepithelial sodium transport in alveolar epithelial type II cells in vitro. If this impairment is also present in vivo, high-altitude exposure could aggravate the constitutive defect in sodium transport in HAPE-prone subjects, and thereby further facilitate pulmonary oedema. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to measure the nasal potential difference (PD) in 21 HAPE-prone and 29 HAPE-resistant subjects at low altitude and 30 h after arrival at high altitude (4,559 m). High-altitude exposure significantly decreased the mean +/- SD nasal PD in HAPE-prone (18.0 +/- 6.2 versus 12.5 +/- 6.8 mV) but not in HAPE-resistant subjects (25.6 +/- 9.4 versus 22.9 +/- 9.2 mV). This altitude-induced decrease was not associated with an altered amiloride-sensitive fraction, but was associated with a significantly lower amiloride-insensitive fraction of the nasal PD. These findings provide evidence in vivo that an environmental factor may impair respiratory transepithelial sodium transport in humans. They are consistent with the concept that in high-altitude pulmonary oedema-susceptible subjects, the combination of a constitutive and an acquired defect in this transport mechanism facilitates the development of pulmonary oedema during high-altitude exposure. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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