A new approach for the analysis of facial growth and age estimation: Iris ratio

Autor: Laíse Nascimento Correia Lima, Carlos Eduardo Palhares Machado, Ademir Franco, Ana Cristina Barreto Bezerra, Marta Regina Pinheiro Flores, Martin Evison, Rachel Lima Ribeiro Tinoco, Marco Aurélio Guimarães
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
Male
Child abuse
Intraclass correlation
ABUSO DA CRIANÇA
F400
Social Sciences
Iris
Poison control
lcsh:Medicine
Criminology
Pediatrics
01 natural sciences
Families
0302 clinical medicine
HV
Sociology
Statistics
Medicine and Health Sciences
Erotica
Image Processing
Computer-Assisted
Photography
Medicine
Public and Occupational Health
Child Abuse
Child
lcsh:Science
Children
Multidisciplinary
Anthropometry
Traumatic Injury Risk Factors
Clinical Laboratory Sciences
Police
Professions
Female
Crime
Analysis of variance
Anatomy
Brazil
Research Article
QA75
Adolescent
Correlation coefficient
Cephalometry
Ocular Anatomy
B100
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Diagnostic Medicine
Ocular System
Humans
030216 legal & forensic medicine
Forensics
business.industry
010401 analytical chemistry
lcsh:R
Biology and Life Sciences
N1
Child Abuse
Sexual
0104 chemical sciences
Age Groups
Child pornography
Face
People and Places
Law and Legal Sciences
Population Groupings
lcsh:Q
Allometry
business
Head
Software
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 7, p e0180330 (2017)
PLoS ONE
Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual)
Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron:USP
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: The study of facial growth is explored in many fields of science, including anatomy, genetics, and forensics. In the field of forensics, it acts as a valuable tool for combating child pornography. The present research proposes a new method, based on relative measurements and fixed references of the human face - specifically considering measurements of the diameter of the iris (iris ratio) - for the analysis of facial growth in association with age in children and sub-adults. The experimental sample consisted of digital photographs of 1000 Brazilian subjects, aged between 6 and 22 years, distributed equally by sex and divided into five specific age groups (6, 10, 14, 18, and 22 year olds ± one month). The software package SAFF-2D® (Forensic Facial Analysis System, Brazilian Federal Police, Brazil) was used for positioning 11 landmarks on the images. Ten measurements were calculated and used as fixed references to evaluate the growth of the other measurements for each age group, as well the accumulated growth (6-22 years old). The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was applied for the evaluation of intra-examiner and inter-examiner reliability within a specific set of images. Pearson's Correlation Coefficient was used to assess the association between each measurement taken and the respective age groups. ANOVA and Post-hoc Tukey tests were used to search for statistical differences between the age groups. The outcomes indicated that facial structures grow with different timing in children and adolescents. Moreover, the growth allometry expressed in this study may be used to understand what structures have more or less proportional variation in function for the age ranges studied. The diameter of the iris was found to be the most stable measurement compared to the others and represented the best cephalometric measurement as a fixed reference for facial growth ratios (or indices). The method described shows promising potential for forensic applications, especially as part of the armamentarium against crimes involving child pornography and child abuse.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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