Language experience influences audiovisual speech integration in unimodal and bimodal bilingual infants
| Autor: | Elena Kushnerenko, Harriet Bowden-Howl, Mairéad MacSweeney, Laura Goldberg, Evelyne Mercure, Kimberley Coulson, Mark H. Johnson |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Paper
Adult Male medicine.medical_specialty Visual perception Eye Movements Cognitive Neuroscience Multilingualism Audiology Sign language 050105 experimental psychology psyc Developmental and Educational Psychology medicine Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Attention 10. No inequality Sensory cue Neuroscience of multilingualism Mouth 05 social sciences Novelty Infant Manner of articulation Face Papers Speech Perception Visual Perception Female Cues Psychology Language Experience Approach 050104 developmental & child psychology |
| Zdroj: | Developmental Science |
| ISSN: | 1467-7687 1363-755X |
| Popis: | Infants as young as 2 months can integrate audio and visual aspects of speech articulation. A shift of attention from the eyes towards the mouth of talking faces occurs around 6 months of age in monolingual infants. However, it is unknown whether this pattern of attention during audiovisual speech processing is influenced by speech and language experience in infancy. The present study investigated this question by analysing audiovisual speech processing in three groups of 4‐ to 8‐month‐old infants who differed in their language experience: monolinguals, unimodal bilinguals (infants exposed to two or more spoken languages) and bimodal bilinguals (hearing infants with Deaf mothers). Eye‐tracking was used to study patterns of face scanning while infants were viewing faces articulating syllables with congruent, incongruent and silent auditory tracks. Monolinguals and unimodal bilinguals increased their attention to the mouth of talking faces between 4 and 8 months, while bimodal bilinguals did not show any age difference in their scanning patterns. Moreover, older (6.6 to 8 months), but not younger, monolinguals (4 to 6.5 months) showed increased visual attention to the mouth of faces articulating audiovisually incongruent rather than congruent faces, indicating surprise or novelty. In contrast, no audiovisual congruency effect was found in unimodal or bimodal bilinguals. Results suggest that speech and language experience influences audiovisual integration in infancy. Specifically, reduced or more variable experience of audiovisual speech from the primary caregiver may lead to less sensitivity to the integration of audio and visual cues of speech articulation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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