Prediction error boosts retention of novel words in adults but not in children
| Autor: | Chiara Gambi, Hugh Rabagliati, Martin J. Pickering |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Linguistics and Language Cognitive Neuroscience Mean squared prediction error Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Context (language use) Referent 050105 experimental psychology Language and Linguistics 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Encoding (memory) Word meaning mutual exclusivity Developmental and Educational Psychology Humans Learning 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Child word learning Language prediction error 05 social sciences Novel object Linguistics Verbal Learning memory retention Constraint (information theory) disconfirmed predictions Knowledge Child Preschool Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Sentence Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Gambi, C, Pickering, M J & Rabagliati, H 2021, ' Prediction error boosts retention of novel words in adults but not in children ', Cognition, vol. 211, 104650 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104650 |
| ISSN: | 0010-0277 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104650 |
| Popis: | How do we update our linguistic knowledge? In seven experiments, we asked whether error-driven learning can explain under what circumstances adults and children are more likely to store and retain a new word meaning. Participants were exposed to novel object labels in the context of more or less constraining sentences or visual contexts. Both two-to-four-year-olds (Mage = 38 months) and adults were strongly affected by expectations based on sentence constraint when choosing the referent of a new label. In addition, adults formed stronger memory traces for novel words that violated a stronger prior expectation. However, preschoolers’ memory was unaffected by the strength of their prior expectations. We conclude that the encoding of new word-object associations in memory is affected by prediction error in adults, but not in preschoolers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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