Antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity of host defense peptides, clavanins and LL-37, in vitro : An endodontic perspective
| Autor: | Maurício Gonçalves da Costa Sousa, Octavio L. Franco, Ana Luisa O. Gomes, Flávia Rodrigues P. Dutra, Jeeser Alves de Almeida, Taia Maria Berto Rezende, Ludovico Migliolo, Beatriz Simas Magalhães, Ana Paula C. Cantuária, Mirna S. Freire, Stella Maris de Freitas Lima |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Physiology medicine.medical_treatment Infections Nitric Oxide Biochemistry Enterococcus faecalis Proinflammatory cytokine Microbiology Interferon-gamma Mice 03 medical and health sciences Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Minimum inhibitory concentration 0302 clinical medicine Endocrinology Anti-Infective Agents Cathelicidins Candida albicans medicine Animals Humans Viability assay Cytotoxicity Inflammation biology Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Blood Proteins 030206 dentistry biology.organism_classification Antimicrobial Interleukin-10 RAW 264.7 Cells 030104 developmental biology Cytokine Peptides Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides |
| Zdroj: | Peptides. 95:16-24 |
| ISSN: | 0196-9781 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.07.005 |
| Popis: | Endodontic treatment is mainly based on root canal disinfection and its failure may be motivated by microbial resistance. Endodontic therapy can be benefitted by host defense peptides (HDPs), which are multifunctional molecules that act against persistent infection and inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial, cytotoxic and immunomodulatory activity of several HDPs, namely clavanin A, clavanin A modified (MO) and LL-37, compared to intracanal medication Ca(OH)2. HDPs and Ca(OH)2 were evaluated by: (1) antimicrobial assays against Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis, (2) cytotoxicity assays and (3) cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12 and nitric oxide (NO) production by RAW 264.7 cells incubated with or without heat-killed (HK) C. albicans or E. faecalis combined or not with interferon-γ. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was established only for E. faecalis (LL-37, 57μM). Considering cytotoxicity, clavanin MO was able to reduce cell viability in many groups and demonstrated lowest LC50. The Ca(OH)2 up-regulated the production of MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-12 and IL-6 and down-regulated IL-1α, IL-10 and NO. Clavanins up-regulated the TNF-α and NO and down-regulated IL-10 production. LL-37 demonstrated up-regulation of IL-6 and TNF-α production and down-regulation in IL-10 and NO production. In conclusion, LL-37 demonstrated better antibacterial potential. In addition, Ca(OH)2 demonstrated a proinflammatory response, while the HDPs modulated the inflammatory response from non-interference with the active cytokines in the osteoclastogenesis process, probably promoting the health of periradicular tissues. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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