Guanfacine Attenuates Adverse Effects of Dronabinol (THC) on Working Memory in Adolescent-Onset Heavy Cannabis Users: A Pilot Study
| Autor: | Colin N. Haile, David S. Mathai, Thomas R. Kosten, Jake Keller, Mariyah Z. Hussain, Christopher D. Verrico, Christopher Rodgman, Manuela Holst, Thomas F. Newton |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Adolescent Blood Pressure Marijuana Smoking Pilot Projects Neuropsychological Tests Placebo Spatial memory 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Double-Blind Method Heart Rate medicine Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists Humans Dronabinol Adverse effect Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists Analysis of Variance Memory Disorders Cross-Over Studies biology Working memory Middle Aged biology.organism_classification Crossover study 030227 psychiatry Guanfacine Psychiatry and Mental health Memory Short-Term Anesthesia Female Neurology (clinical) Cannabis Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences. 30(1) |
| ISSN: | 1545-7222 |
| Popis: | The cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1R) agonist Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive constituent of cannabis, adversely effects working memory performance in humans. The α2A-adrenoceptor (AR) agonist guanfacine improves working memory performance in humans. The authors aimed to determine the effects of short-term (6 days) treatment with guanfacine on adverse cognitive effects produced by THC. Employing a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design, the cognitive, subjective, and cardiovascular effects produced by oral THC (20 mg) administration were determined twice in the same cannabis users: once after treatment with placebo and once after treatment with guanfacine (3 mg/day). Compared with performance at baseline, THC negatively affected accuracy on spatial working memory trials while participants were maintained on placebo (p=0.012) but not guanfacine (p=0.497); compared with placebo, accuracy was significantly (p=0.003, Cohen's d=-0.640) improved while individuals were treated with guanfacine. Similarly, compared with baseline, THC increased omission errors on an attentional task while participants were maintained on placebo (p=0.017) but not on guanfacine (p=0.709); compared with placebo, there were significantly (p=0.034, Cohen's d=0.838) fewer omissions while individuals were maintained on guanfacine. Although THC increased visual analog scores of subjective effects and heart rate, these increases were similar during treatment with placebo and guanfacine. THC did not significantly affect performance of a recognition memory task or blood pressure while individuals were maintained on either treatment. Although preliminary, these results suggest that guanfacine warrants further testing as a potential treatment for cannabis-induced cognitive deficits. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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