Metabolic capacities of microorganisms from a long-term bare fallow

Autor: Valérie Pouteau, Gérard Bardoux, Christelle Marrauld, Luc Abbadie, Bertrand Guenet, Claire Chenu, Sabrina Juarez, Nathalie Cheviron
Přispěvatelé: Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), The authors thank the INRA (Unite de Science du Sol and then Pessac) for maintaining the historical experiment of the 42 plots. This work was financed by an EC2CO INSU program. Bertrand Guenet was supported by R2DS network., École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Rok vydání: 2011
Předmět:
Zdroj: Applied Soil Ecology
Applied Soil Ecology, Elsevier, 2011, 51, pp.87-93. ⟨10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.07.006⟩
Applied Soil Ecology, 2011, 51, pp.87-93. ⟨10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.07.006⟩
ISSN: 0929-1393
1873-0272
DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.07.006
Popis: International audience; Soil degradation due to erosion or to soil organic matter (SOM) depletion is known to reduce the ecosystems services performed by soils. Amendments of organic matter are often proposed to restore the soil quality as they may increase water holding capacity, microbial activity and decrease erosion. In this work, we tested the ability of microbial communities from a soil very depleted in organic matter to mineralize fresh organic matter. We used a soil deprived of organic matter inputs since 1929 as a model of degraded soil. We amended it with 13C-cellulose or 13C-straw at two different levels (0.5 g C kg−1 of soil vs. 5 g C kg−1). The same treatments were performed on an arable soil as control. The soils were incubated at 20 °C during 209 days and the amount of CO2 released and δ13C–CO2 were monitored during incubation. We measured the microbial biomass by fumigation extraction and determined the metabolic profiles of microorganisms by using Biolog® ECOPlates. The straw and cellulose were mineralized without lag-time in both soils. It suggested that the bare fallow soil had kept its metabolic capacities to degrade straw and cellulose, but at a lower rate when compared to the arable control soil. The Shannon index (H) calculated from Biolog® ECOPlates was very high in the two types of soils, which suggest that the two microbial communities were ubiquist. Moreover, the bare fallow microbial community was efficient to mineralize the amino acids and the mannitol in the Biolog® ECOPlates. Consequently, we assumed that the bare fallow soil microbial community had kept its metabolic capacities because of the microbial turnover. The dead microbial biomass might be an important substrate for the microbial community explaining why it may easily mineralize labile organic matter such as straw or cellulose.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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