Age-specific Prevalence of Antibodies to Hepatitis A in Children and Adolescents from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1978 and 1995: Relationship of Prevalence to Environmental Factors
| Autor: | Claudia Lamarca Vitral, Clara F. T. Yoshida, Christiane dos Santos Teixeira, Ana Maria Coimbra Gaspar, Elba Regina Sampaio de Lemos |
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| Rok vydání: | 1998 |
| Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine Adolescent Sanitation lcsh:RC955-962 Population lcsh:QR1-502 Prevalence lcsh:Microbiology Seroepidemiologic Studies Environmental health medicine Humans Child education Retrospective Studies education.field_of_study Chi-Square Distribution biology anti-HAV business.industry Age Factors Infant Newborn Infant virus diseases Hepatitis A Serum samples medicine.disease Age specific Social Class Child Preschool Immunology Environmental hygiene biology.protein seroepidemiology Antibody business Brazil Hepatitis A Virus Human |
| Zdroj: | Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz., Vol 93, Iss 1, p 1 (1998) |
| ISSN: | 0074-0276 |
| DOI: | 10.1590/s0074-02761998000100001 |
| Popis: | The age-specific prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) was determined in two different population groups with low socio-economic status from Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, whose serum samples were collected 17 years apart (Population 1, 1978; Population 2, 1995). In Population 2, analysis of the anti-HAV prevalence was also carried out with respect to environmental factors. Population 1 was composed of 520 stored sera collected from the umbilical cord of term neonates and children aged 1 month to 6 years. In population 2, 720 serum samples were collected from children and adolescents with ages ranging from 1 to 23 years. The overall prevalence rate of anti-HAV in Population 1 and Population 2 was 65.6% and 32.1%, respectively. In Population 1, the anti-HAV prevalence reached 88% at the age of 3, while in Population 2, it increased from 4.5% in children under the age of 3 to 66% in the group of adolescents over the age of 14. The low exposure to HAV infection in younger children from Population 2 could be a result of improved environmental hygiene and sanitation, as demonstrated by the presence of piped water, waste and sewage disposal systems in most houses from this population group. These findings indicate a possible change in the prevalence of hepatitis A in Rio de Janeiro. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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