Cellular changes in microgravity and the design of space radiation experiments
| Autor: | D. R. Morrison |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1994 |
| Předmět: |
Atmospheric Science
Radiobiology medicine.medical_treatment Cell Aerospace Engineering Radiation Dosage Immune system medicine Radiation damage Animals Humans Secretion Linear Energy Transfer Radiosensitivity Lymphocytes Bacteria Chemistry Weightlessness Astronomy and Astrophysics Cell Differentiation DNA Space Flight Cell biology Geophysics Cytokine medicine.anatomical_structure Space and Planetary Science Research Design Seeds General Earth and Planetary Sciences Intracellular Cell Division Cosmic Radiation Relative Biological Effectiveness |
| Zdroj: | Advances in space research : the official journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR). 14(10) |
| ISSN: | 0273-1177 |
| Popis: | Cell metabolism, secretion and cell-cell interactions can be altered during space flight. Early radiobiology experiments have demonstrated synergistic effects of radiation and microgravity as indicated by increased mutagenesis, increased chromosome aberrations, inhibited development, and retarded growth. Microgravity-induced changes in immune cell functions include reduced blastogenesis and cell-mediated, delayed-type hypersensitivity responses, increased cytokine secretions, but inhibited cytotoxic effects and macrophage differentiation. These effects are important because of the high radiosensitivity of immune cells. It is difficult to compare ground studies with space radiation biology experiments because of the complexity of the space radiation environment, types of radiation damage and repair mechanisms. Altered intracellular functions and molecular mechanisms must be considered in the design and interpretation of space radiation experiments. Critical steps in radiocarcinogenesis could be affected. New cell systems and hardware are needed to determine the biological effectiveness of the low dose rate, isotropic, multispectral space radiation and the potential usefulness of radioprotectants during space flight. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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