Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Emerging Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
| Autor: | Antonis Goulas, Stergios A. Polyzos, Evangelia Makri |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Liver Cirrhosis
0301 basic medicine Carcinoma Hepatocellular Cirrhosis Disease Type 2 diabetes Chronic liver disease Bioinformatics digestive system 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Insulin resistance Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Risk Factors Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Prevalence Genetic predisposition medicine Humans Obesity Life Style medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry Therapies Investigational Liver Neoplasms nutritional and metabolic diseases General Medicine medicine.disease digestive system diseases 030104 developmental biology Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Liver biopsy business Biomarkers |
| Zdroj: | Archives of Medical Research. 52:25-37 |
| ISSN: | 0188-4409 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.11.010 |
| Popis: | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, with an estimated rising prevalence, in concert with the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is not fully elucidated. Besides weight gain and insulin resistance, many other factors seem to contribute, including adipokines, gut microbiota and genetic predisposition. The disease starts as hepatic steatosis, which may proceed to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); if fibrosis is added, the risk of cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma is augmented. Liver biopsy is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis and staging of NAFLD; the early use of reliable and easily applied diagnostic tools, such as noninvasive biomarkers, is needed to identify patients at different-preferably early-stages of disease however. Whilst lifestyle modification is the first step to manage NAFLD, there is poor compliance, leading to the need of drug therapy. Accordingly, a variety of medications is under investigation. Given the multifaceted pathophysiology of NAFLD, probably, a combination of approaches in an individualized basis may be a more appropriate management. This review summarizes evidence on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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