Effectiveness of Nature-Based Solutions in Mitigating Flood Hazard in a Mediterranean Peri-Urban Catchment
| Autor: | Georgia Destouni, Sandra Mourato, Milica Kašanin-Grubin, Carla Ferreira, António J. D. Ferreira, Zahra Kalantari |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
lcsh:Hydraulic engineering
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Geography Planning and Development 0207 environmental engineering Drainage basin mediterranean 02 engineering and technology Aquatic Science Mediterranean 01 natural sciences Biochemistry lcsh:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes lcsh:TC1-978 Streamflow Urbanization Flash flood Flood mitigation 020701 environmental engineering nature-based solutions 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Water Science and Technology Hydrology geography lcsh:TD201-500 geography.geographical_feature_category Flood myth flood hazard HEC HMS model peri-urban catchment HEC RAS model 15. Life on land 6. Clean water Current (stream) 13. Climate action Environmental science Surface runoff |
| Zdroj: | Water Volume 12 Issue 10 Water, Vol 12, Iss 2893, p 2893 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2073-4441 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/w12102893 |
| Popis: | Urbanization alters natural hydrological processes and enhances runoff, which affects flood hazard. Interest in nature-based solutions (NBS) for sustainable mitigation and adaptation to urban floods is growing, but the magnitudes of NBS effects are still poorly investigated. This study explores the potential of NBS for flood hazard mitigation in a small peri-urban catchment in central Portugal, prone to flash floods driven by urbanization and short but intense rainfall events typical of the Mediterranean region. Flood extent and flood depth are assessed by manually coupling the hydrologic HEC-HMS and hydraulic HEC-RAS models. The coupled model was run for single rainfall events with recurrence periods of 10&minus 20&minus 50&minus and 100&minus years, considering four simulation scenarios: current conditions (without NBS), and with an upslope NBS, a downslope NBS, and a combination of both. The model-simulation approach provides good estimates of flood magnitude (NSE = 0.91, RMSE = 0.08, MAE = 0.07, R2 = 0.93), and shows that diverting streamflow into abandoned fields has positive impacts in mitigating downslope flood hazard. The implementation of an upslope NBS can decrease the water depth at the catchment outlet by 0.02 m, whereas a downslope NBS can reduce it from 0.10 m to 0.23 m for increasing return periods. Combined upslope and downslope NBS have a marginal additional impact in reducing water depth, ranging from 0.11 m to 0.24 m for 10&minus year floods. Decreases in water depth provided by NBS are useful in flood mitigation and adaptation within the peri-urban catchment. A network of NBS, rather than small isolated strategies, needs to be created for efficient flood-risk management at a larger scale. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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