Maternal inflammation during pregnancy and offspring psychiatric symptoms in childhood: Timing and sex matter
| Autor: | Lauren B. Alloy, Piera M. Cirillo, Seth D. Maxwell, Christian Perez, Lauren M. Ellman, Nickilou Y. Krigbaum, Elizabeth C. Breen, Barbara A. Cohn, Shannon K. Murphy, Naoise Mac Giollabhui, Deborah A. G. Drabick |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Offspring Poison control Behavioral Symptoms Article 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Sex Factors Pregnancy Injury prevention medicine Humans Longitudinal Studies Child Biological Psychiatry Depression (differential diagnoses) Inflammation Sex Characteristics business.industry Obstetrics medicine.disease 030227 psychiatry Pregnancy Complications Psychiatry and Mental health Pregnancy Trimester First Pregnancy Trimester Second Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects Anxiety Gestation Cytokines Female medicine.symptom business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Psychopathology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of psychiatric research. 111 |
| ISSN: | 1879-1379 |
| Popis: | Objective Maternal infection during pregnancy has been associated with increased risk of offspring psychopathology, including depression. As most infections do not cross the placenta, maternal immune responses to infection have been considered as potentially contributing to this relationship. This study examined whether gestational timing of maternal inflammation during pregnancy is associated with offspring internalizing and/or externalizing symptoms during childhood and, further, whether fetal sex moderated this relationship. Method Participants were 737 pregnant women and their offspring who were continuously followed through late childhood. Archived first and second trimester sera were analyzed for markers of inflammation [interleukin 8 (IL-8), IL-6, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-II (sTNF-RII)]. When offspring were aged 9–11, mothers completed a questionnaire assessing psychological symptoms. Results Multivariate regression analyses indicated that elevated IL-8 in the first trimester was associated with significantly higher levels of externalizing symptoms in offspring. Higher IL-1ra in the second trimester was associated with higher offspring internalizing symptoms. Further, second trimester IL-1ra was associated with increased internalizing symptoms in females only. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that elevated maternal inflammation during pregnancy is associated with the emergence of separate psychological phenotypes and that timing of exposure and fetal sex matter for offspring outcomes. Given that internalizing and externalizing symptoms in childhood increase risk for a variety of mental disorders later in development, these findings potentially have major implications for early intervention and prevention work. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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