Diet and colorectal cancer: an investigation of the lectin/galactose hypothesis
| Autor: | Evelyn M. I. Williams, Simon Fear, Deborah Ashby, Alan Hackett, Jonathan M. Rhodes, Frank David John Dunstan, Martine van der Vliet, R. C. Evans |
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| Rok vydání: | 2002 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Meat Colorectal cancer Physiology Drug Administration Schedule chemistry.chemical_compound Risk Factors Lectins Surveys and Questionnaires medicine Humans Exercise Aged Aged 80 and over Aspirin Hepatology biology business.industry Gastroenterology Case-control study Cancer Lectin Galactose Odds ratio Middle Aged medicine.disease Diet chemistry Case-Control Studies Immunology Multivariate Analysis biology.protein Red meat Female business Colorectal Neoplasms Energy Intake medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Gastroenterology. 122(7) |
| ISSN: | 0016-5085 |
| Popis: | Background & Aims: Mucosal expression of terminal unsubstituted galactose is increased in colon cancer and precancer and allows interaction with mitogenic galactose-binding lectins of dietary or microbial origin. This study tests the hypothesis that galactose, which is variably plentiful in fruit and vegetable but not cereal fibers, might prevent cancer by binding and inhibiting such lectins. Methods: Colorectal cancer cases (512) and controls (512) were matched for age, sex, primary care practitioner, and postal code. A 160-item food-frequency questionnaire was used to estimate their usual pre-illness (6 months previous) diet, aspirin intake, and exercise. Results: Neither cereal fiber nor fruit and vegetable fiber were protective when assessed by univariate analysis, whereas dietary fiber galactose content showed a dose-related protective effect (odds ratio [OR] highest quartile/lowest quartile, 0.67; confidence interval [CI], 0.47–0.95) that remained protective when adjusted for energy, red meat, alcohol, calcium, protein and fat intake, regular aspirin usage, and exercise. Intake of nonlegume green vegetables, assessed because of the high lectin content of legumes, was also protective (OR, 0.54; CI, 0.35–0.81), but this was not independent of galactose. Protective effects of exercise and regular daily aspirin consumption and harmful effects of high energy consumption and high red meat intake were confirmed. Conclusions: The protective effect of fruit and vegetable fibers may be related to their galactose content. This provides further evidence that the association between diet and colon cancer is mediated via specific food components and may explain the discrepant results of studies addressing the protective effects of fiber. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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