Divergent profile of emerging cutaneous leishmaniasis in subtropical Brazil: new endemic areas in the southern frontier

Autor: Edmundo C. Grisard, Mário Steindel, Mariel Marlow, Andre Luiz Rossetto, Maria Ernestina Makowiecky, Iriane Eger, Marise da Silva Mattos
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2013
Předmět:
Male
Veterinary medicine
Epidemiology
lcsh:Medicine
Protozoology
Child
lcsh:Science
Leishmaniasis
Leishmania
Multidisciplinary
biology
Amazon rainforest
Zoonotic Diseases
DNA
Kinetoplast
Middle Aged
Infectious Diseases
Veterinary Diseases
Child
Preschool
Medicine
Female
Restriction fragment length polymorphism
Brazil
Polymorphism
Restriction Fragment Length
Research Article
Neglected Tropical Diseases
Adult
Adolescent
Clinical Research Design
Leishmaniasis
Cutaneous
Subtropics
Microbiology
Leishmania braziliensis
Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Young Adult
Cutaneous leishmaniasis
parasitic diseases
medicine
Parasitic Diseases
Humans
In patient
Biology
Aged
Population Biology
lcsh:R
Infant
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Cross-Sectional Studies
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Immunology
Parastic Protozoans
Parasitology
Veterinary Science
lcsh:Q
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 2, p e56177 (2013)
PLoS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: Background Although known to be highly endemic in the Amazon regions of Brazil, the presence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the subtropical southern part of the country has largely been ignored. This study was conducted to demonstrate CL is emerging in the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina, as well as to characterize the epidemiological profile and Leishmania species involved. Methodology/Principal Findings For this cross-sectional study, data from all CL cases from Santa Catarina, Brazil, reported to the Brazilian National Notifiable Diseases Information System from 2001 to 2009 were investigated. Amplification of the kDNA minicircle conserved region followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was conducted to screen for Leishmania species present in patient biopsy. Overall, 542 CL cases were reported, with majority resulting from autochthonous transmission (n = 401, 73.99%) and occurring in urban zones (n = 422, 77.86%). Age, gender, zone of residence, origin of case, clinical form and case outcome were found to differ significantly by region. Imported cases were over seven times more likely to relapse (95% CI 2.56–21.09). Mapping of cases revealed new endemic areas in northeastern Santa Catarina with two species present. With the exception of three L. (Leishmania) amazonensis cases (1.20%), majority of PCR positive samples were found to be L. (Viannia) braziliensis (n = 248, 98.80%). Conclusions/Significance CL is now endemic in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, with case profiles varying significantly by region. L. (V.) braziliensis has been identified as the predominant species in the region.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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