Design and methods of a social network isolation study for reducing respiratory infection transmission: The eX-FLU cluster randomized trial
| Autor: | Marisa C. Eisenberg, Dylan Knowles, Nathaniel D. Osgood, Hongjiang Gao, Amanda M. Simanek, Kevin G. Stanley, Brian Davis, Jeanette J. Rainey, Kara D. Tarter, Amra Uzicanin, Arnold S. Monto, Allison E. Aiello, Caroline Cheng, Alison R. Walsh, Erik M. Volz |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine Epidemiology Health Behavior Patient Isolation 0302 clinical medicine Surveys and Questionnaires Respiratory infection Cluster Analysis 030212 general & internal medicine Cluster randomised controlled trial Social network 4. Education Social distance Infectious Diseases 1117 Public Health And Health Services Female medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Universities Social distancing Isolation (health care) Microbiology Article Isolation lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Virology Intervention (counseling) Influenza Human medicine Humans lcsh:RC109-216 Social Behavior business.industry Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health 1103 Clinical Sciences Influenza 030104 developmental biology Family medicine Immunology Housing Survey data collection Parasitology Residence Contact Tracing business |
| Zdroj: | Epidemics, Vol 15, Iss C, Pp 38-55 (2016) |
| Popis: | Background Social networks are increasingly recognized as important points of intervention, yet relatively few intervention studies of respiratory infection transmission have utilized a network design. Here we describe the design, methods, and social network structure of a randomized intervention for isolating respiratory infection cases in a university setting over a 10-week period. Methodology/principal findings 590 students in six residence halls enrolled in the eX-FLU study during a chain-referral recruitment process from September 2012–January 2013. Of these, 262 joined as “seed” participants, who nominated their social contacts to join the study, of which 328 “nominees” enrolled. Participants were cluster-randomized by 117 residence halls. Participants were asked to respond to weekly surveys on health behaviors, social interactions, and influenza-like illness (ILI) symptoms. Participants were randomized to either a 3-Day dorm room isolation intervention or a control group (no isolation) upon illness onset. ILI cases reported on their isolation behavior during illness and provided throat and nasal swab specimens at onset, day-three, and day-six of illness. A subsample of individuals (N = 103) participated in a sub-study using a novel smartphone application, iEpi, which collected sensor and contextually-dependent survey data on social interactions. Within the social network, participants were significantly positively assortative by intervention group, enrollment type, residence hall, iEpi participation, age, gender, race, and alcohol use (all P Conclusions/significance We identified a feasible study design for testing the impact of isolation from social networks in a university setting. These data provide an unparalleled opportunity to address questions about isolation and infection transmission, as well as insights into social networks and behaviors among college-aged students. Several important lessons were learned over the course of this project, including feasible isolation durations, the need for extensive organizational efforts, as well as the need for specialized programmers and server space for managing survey and smartphone data. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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