From Snapshots to Development: Identifying the Gaps in the Development of Stem Cell‐based Embryo Models along the Embryonic Timeline

Autor: Clemens van Blitterswijk, E.J. Vrij, Vinidhra Shankar, Stefan Giselbrecht
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
HUMAN TROPHOBLAST
General Chemical Engineering
General Physics and Astronomy
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Review
02 engineering and technology
01 natural sciences
Regenerative medicine
blastoids
Mice
Pregnancy
Human embryogenesis
General Materials Science
General Engineering
Embryo
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
medicine.anatomical_structure
embryonic structures
Female
Stem cell
0210 nano-technology
GERM LAYER SPECIFICATION
stem cell‐based models
based models
Science
Embryonic Development
Reviews
Computational biology
Biology
010402 general chemistry
Models
Biological
Biochemistry
Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous)
EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX
medicine
Animals
Humans
Yolk sac
Embryonic Stem Cells
ANTERIOR VISCERAL ENDODERM
bioengineering
EXTRAEMBRYONIC MESODERM
LINEAGE ALLOCATION
Embryogenesis
extraembryonic tissues
Timeline
embryo development
YOLK-SAC
IN-VITRO
SELF-ORGANIZATION
Embryonic stem cell
0104 chemical sciences
BLASTOCYST-LIKE STRUCTURES
stem cell‐
Zdroj: Advanced Science, Vol 8, Iss 8, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
Advanced Science
ISSN: 2198-3844
Popis: In recent years, stem cell‐based models that reconstruct mouse and human embryogenesis have gained significant traction due to their near‐physiological similarity to natural embryos. Embryo models can be generated in large numbers, provide accessibility to a variety of experimental tools such as genetic and chemical manipulation, and confer compatibility with automated readouts, which permits exciting experimental avenues for exploring the genetic and molecular principles of self‐organization, development, and disease. However, the current embryo models recapitulate only snapshots within the continuum of embryonic development, allowing the progression of the embryonic tissues along a specific direction. Hence, to fully exploit the potential of stem cell‐based embryo models, multiple important gaps in the developmental landscape need to be covered. These include recapitulating the lesser‐explored interactions between embryonic and extraembryonic tissues such as the yolk sac, placenta, and the umbilical cord; spatial and temporal organization of tissues; and the anterior patterning of embryonic development. Here, it is detailed how combinations of stem cells and versatile bioengineering technologies can help in addressing these gaps and thereby extend the implications of embryo models in the fields of cell biology, development, and regenerative medicine.
This progress report aims to highlight some of the potential gaps in the developmental timeline of synthetic stem cell‐based embryo models relative to natural embryogenesis and provides innovative bioengineering solutions to understand and eventually improve the modeling of mammalian embryo development in the future.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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