Hypericicoccus hyperici

Autor: Miller, Douglass R., Stocks, Ian C.
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7464849
Popis: Hypericicoccus hyperici (Ferris) Trachycoccus hyperici Ferris 1955: 215. Hypericicoccus hyperici (Ferris); Williams 1961: 93 (change of combination based on homonomy of generic name; see above). Type material: Ferris (1955) did not designate a holotype, so we here designate a lectotype from the syntype series labeled as follows: right label “ UCD 1638 / Host. Hypericum / in Quar. fr. Bloomington / Ill. / Coll. Daniels & Heuer / Date 12-14-53 / LACo #Q2653.” Left label “ Trachycoccus (= Hypericicoccus) / hyperici / Lectotype / with map of position of lectotype and paralectotype specimens / Paralectotype / Desig. Miller & Stocks.” Deposited in UCD. Specimens examined: UNITED STATES: Georgia: Emanuel Co.: unknown locality, I-4-1971, on Hypericum sp., H.H. Tippins (2 ad. ♀♀ on 2 slides) CDFA, USNM. Illinois: McLean Co.: Bloomington, XII-3-1953, on Hypericum sp., C.W. Bridges (7 ad. ♀♀ on 7 slides) CDFA; Bloomington, XII-14-1953, on Hypericum sp., Daniels and Heuer (4 ad. ♀♀, 17 first-instar nymphs on 3 slides) CDFA, USNM (these are not syntype specimens) (data for syntype specimens used by Ferris for original description are given in type material above and are in UCD). Indiana: Tippecanoe Co.: unknown locality, X-5-1954, on Hypericum sp., D.L. Schuder (4 ad. ♀♀, 4 second-instar ♀♀, 4 ad. ♁♁ apterous, 2 ad. ♁♁ brachypterous, 1 fourth-instar pupa apterous, 6 second-instar ♁♁, 5 first-instar nymphs on 5 slides) UCD, USNM; Lafayette, Clegg Memorial, VII-8-1974, on Hypericum sp., D.L. Schuder (4 ad. ♀♀, 4 secondinstar ♀♀, 5 ad. ♁♁ macropterous, 3 ad. ♁♁ apterous, 2 ad. ♁♁ brachypterous, 2 fourth-instar ♁♁ pupae apterous, 3 fourth-instar ♁♁ pupae macropterous, 2 third-instar ♁♁ prepupae with wing buds, 3 third-instar ♁♁ prepupae without wing buds, 12 second-instar ♁♁, 25 first-instar nymphs on 12 slides) USNM. Tennessee: DeKalb Co.: taken in quarantine at Saticoy, California from McMinnville, V-25-1951, on Deutzia ? sp., H.E. Bronson (1 second-instar ♀, 2 second-instar ♁♁ on 1 slide) CDFA; taken in quarantine at Los Angeles, California from Smithville, IV-11- 1951, on Cistus sp., “rock rose” (= Cistus sp.?), L.D. McCorkindale (8 ad. ♀♀ on 4 slides) UCD; taken in quarantine at Palmdale, California from Smithville, IV-11-1951, on Cistus sp., F. Phelan and L.D. McCorkindale (2 ad. ♀♀ on 2 slides) UCD; taken in quarantine at Vallejo, California from Smithville, IV-12-1951, on “rock rose” (= Cistus sp.?), L.S. Garrett (3 ad. ♀♀ on 3 slides) CDFA, UCD. Texas: Ellis Co.: taken in quarantine at Oxnard, California from Waxabachie, III-?-1953, on Spiraea sp., W. Dunning (2 ad. ♀♀ on 2 slides) CDFA, UCD. Etymology: The generic and species epithets “ Hypericicoccus ” and “ hyperici ” are based on the Latin scientific name of the host-plant of this scale insect, Hypericum. Field features: Occurring under bark of Hypericum; body brightly colored. The adult female of this species was described in detail by Ferris (1955) and Miller and Miller (1993) and information from those papers is not repeated here. Second-instar female (Figs 34 and 35) Description: Slide-mounted specimens 0.6–0.7 mm long, 0.4–0.5 mm wide. Body elongate oval, without protruding anal lobes. Each lobe dorsally with 0 or 1 enlarged seta and 2 or 3 flagellate setae; each lobe ventrally with 1 medium-sized seta and 1 longer anal-lobe seta; multilocular pore sometimes present. Dorsum with flagellate setae uncommon, in submarginal areas from head to posterior abdominal segments, and in mediolateral and submedial areas of head and thorax. Enlarged setae all of 1 size arranged in 3 pairs of longitudinal lines (medial, mediolateral and lateral), with 1–3 setae in each line; largest seta 8–10 μm long; with rounded to truncate apices and narrow setal base; segment IV with 7–9 setae (including flagellate setae). Macrotubular ducts absent. Microtubular ducts 4–6 μm long, with area farthest from dermal orifice sclerotized and divided into 2 parts, apical portion rounded or indented, about same size as remaining sclerotized portion; sclerotized area 2 times longer than unsclerotized area; dermal orifice sclerotized, with simple protruding tube. Microtubular ducts scattered over entire surface. Multilocular pores of 3 or 4 kinds: 5-locular pores, 7-locular pores, 9-locular pores, and 11-locular pores in incomplete line in mediolateral areas of abdomen and thorax. Cruciform pores variable in number, from 1– 13 scattered on thorax and abdomen. Acute dermal nodules present along body margin and submargin. Microtrichia present in medial areas of thorax and abdomen. Anal ring apical, ventral or dorsal, circular, complete, cellular, with 3 slightly enlarged setae on each side of ring, each seta slightly shorter than greatest diameter of ring; additional seta often associated with, but not attached to, ring. Orifice of anal tube unsclerotized or weakly sclerotized; with anal flap. Venter with flagellate setae, longest seta on segment II 7–10 μm long, on segment VII 10–16 μm long; anal-lobe seta 83–90 μm long. With 1 or 2 enlarged setae on lateral margin of each side of each body segment from head to abdominal segment VII. Macrotubular ducts absent. Microtubular ducts uncommon near body margin. Multilocular pores of 4 kinds: with 5‒11 loculi, 7-locular pores most numerous, in mediolateral areas from head to posterior abdominal segments, most abundant near spiracles. Cruciform pores absent or uncommon on thorax and abdomen. Legs with 2–4 translucent pores on dorsal surface of each hind coxa; each femur with 2 or 3 setae, without proximal setae; each tibia with variable number of setae from 1–4, without middle seta; hind tibia/tarsus 0.9, tibia and tarsus sometimes fused. Antennae each 6-segmented, 90–95 μm long. Frontal lobes and preantennal pores absent. Acute dermal nodules on submarginal and marginal areas. Microtrichia present over entire surface, often present on coxae. Notes: The description is based on eight specimens from two localities. The second-instar female of Hy. hyperici shares several character states with the same instar of Ovaticoccus cornutus (Ferris), Ov. telotrichus Miller and Stocks and Ov. tippinsi (Miller & Miller) in having: dorsal cruciform pores, pores in the anal ring, and multilocular pores predominantly with more than 5 loculi. Hypericicoccus hyperici differs by having the anal ring setae enlarged, a character state not found in the similar species of Ovaticoccus. There are two specimens of Hy. hyperici that differ from the above description in having: acute dermal nodules abundant over most of dorsal surface; dorsal flagellate setae rare; and dorsal and ventral multilocular pores more abundant (Fig. 35). Adult male (macropterous) (Fig. 36) Description: Slide-mounted specimens each about 0.9 mm long, 0.3 mm wide. Body elongate, segment VIII produced laterally. Dorsum with 1 pair of tail-forming pore clusters (tfpc); each cluster with 1 or 2 setae, each apically capitate, when 2, some specimens with setae approximately same size: longest setae 48–100 μm long; shortest setae 42–75 μm long, other specimens with short setae approximately 25 μm long, not apically rounded or capitate. Multilocular pores in tail-forming pore clusters, each cluster with 16–18 tightly clustered pores in cavity surrounding setae, each multilocular pore with 4, 5, or 6 loculi, 4- or 5-locular pores most common; multilocular pores also sometimes present near anterior and posterior spiracles, with 5–7 loculi. X-type pores (x) present near dorsal arm of midcranial ridge (dmcr). Flagellate setae slender, apically acute, curved, approximately same length as those on venter or slightly shorter, with 1 or 2 near margin, 1 or 2 mediolaterally, and 1 submedially on each side of most segments II to VII, with 1 pair of elongate setae in medial area of segment VIII; setae on pro-, meta- and mesothorax; head setae anterior to postoccipital ridge (por) and along dorsal arm of midcranial ridge.Abdominal sclerotization weakly indicated or absent, when present, in mediolateral and lateral areas, on median tergal plate of VIII. Metapostnotal sclerites and ridge absent. Scutellar ridge (sclr) strongly developed. Scutum (sct) sclerotized throughout, except for 2 circular areas adjacent to scutellum. Prescutum (prsc) elongate oval or rectangular. Prescutal suture (pscs) weakly developed. Pronotal ridges (prnr) strongly developed; pronotal sclerites (prn) sometimes present. Hamulohalteres absent. Wings 700–900 μm long, each with alar lobe (al), alar sclerites (alsc) and veins (wv), without setae and sensoria. Postoccipital ridge (por) weakly sclerotized, lateral ends simple. Dorsal arm of midcranial ridge (dmcr) thin, touching postoccipital ridge posteriorly; connected to lateral (lmcr) arms anteriorly. Dorsomedial sclerite (dmep) lightly sclerotized. Dorsal eye (dse) approximately 26–28 μm in diameter. Lateral ocellus (lo) present where dorsal and ventral postocular ridge (pocr) reaches margin of head. Ocular sclerite (ocs) weakly sclerotized dorsally. Microtrichia on posterior abdominal segments. Penial sheath (ps) 90–95μm long; elongate, width 66–77 μm; width/length 0.7–0.8 style (st) in lateral view slightly curved, apically with several small papillae. Sheath with indication of longitudinal division ventrally. Dorsal surface weakly sclerotized anteriorly, with 2 or 3 setae on each side; ventral surface with small swellings laterally, each containing 2 setae. Basal rod (br) small, not reaching anterior margin of penial sheath. Anal opening near anterior edge of penial sheath. Venter usually with flagellate setae laterally, mediolaterally, and medially, less abundant anteriorly; with or without single pair of setae near front legs, usually with single pair anterior to hind legs; head setae present near midline of head between antennal base and ventral eye (ve). Abdominal sclerotization absent or weakly developed on medial and mediolateral areas of segments II to VIII; without sclerotization elsewhere. Metathoracic precoxal ridge absent. Mesosternum (stn2) well-developed, with large furca; lateropleurites (lpl) on mesothorax triangular. Prosternum (stn1) present or absent, triangular. Mouth tubercle (mt) present. Preoral ridge (pror) weakly or strongly sclerotized, not touching postocular ridge. Ventral midcranial ridge (vmcr) absent, or weakly developed anteriorly. Cranial apophysis (ca) rounded apically. Ocular sclerite (ocs) unsclerotized except immediately surrounding ventral eye or sclerotized between eyes. Ventral eye (ve) 24–27 μm in diameter. Prothoracic legs or mesothoracic legs longest. Fleshy setae (fs) on outer distal portion of tibia, sometimes on outer proximal portion of tarsus. Inner setae on apical margin of tibia and tarsus enlarged. Claw with small denticle; digitules on tarsus and claw weakly capitate. Antennae 10-segmented, approximately 368 μm long, second segment longest, about 1.5 times longer than apical segment, last segment apically rounded or slightly pointed. Fleshy setae present on segments 2–10; capitate setae (cs) present on last 3 segments. Notes: The description is based on five specimens from one locality. The illustration utilized all five specimens because the specimens are in poor condition. There are only two heads (one detached), three wings (two detached), and the thorax and abdomen of most specimens are missing legs or are oriented in a manner making it difficult to observe all of the structures. The macropterous adult male of Hy.hyperici is similar to the adult male of Ov. agavium in lacking hamulohalteres, and in having small alar lobes, fleshy setae on the legs, and capitate and fleshy setae on the antennae. The species differ from Hypericicoccus hyperici having capitate setae restricted to the last three antennal segments, whereas Ov. agavium has them on the last six antennal segments. Adult male (brachypterous) (Fig. 37) Description: Slide-mounted specimens each 0.8–1.0 mm long, 0.3 mm wide. Body elongate, with segment VIII slightly produced laterally. Dorsum with 1 pair of tail-forming pore clusters (tfpc); each cluster with 1 or 2 setae, apically capitate or apically acute, when 2 present, of 2 distinct sizes: longest seta 65 μm long; shortest setae 20–22 μm long. Multilocular pores (mp) in tail-forming pore clusters, each with 4, 5 or 6 loculi, 4-locular pores most common; multilocular pores also present near posterior spiracle, with 6 or 7 loculi. X-type pores (x) near dorsal arm of midcranial ridge (dmcr). Flagellate setae slender, apically acute, curved, approximately same length as those on venter or slightly shorter, with 2 or 3 near margin and 2 submedially on each side of most of segments II to VII, sometimes with mediolateral seta on each side of anterior abdominal segments; with 1 pair of elongate setae in medial area of segment VIII; setae present on prothorax, mesothorax and metathorax; head setae present anterior to postoccipital ridge (por) and along dorsal arm of midcranial ridge (dmcr). Abdominal sclerotization weakly indicated or absent, when present, in mediolateral and lateral areas, present on median tergal plate (mtp) of VIII. Metapostnotal sclerites (pn3) present in some specimens, metapostnotal ridge absent. Scutellar ridge (sclr) strongly developed. Scutum (sct) sclerotized throughout, except for 2 circular areas adjacent to scutellum. Prescutum (prsc) elongate oval or rectangular. Prescutal suture (pscs) weakly developed. Pronotal ridges (prnr) strongly developed; pronotal sclerites absent. Hamulohalteres absent. Wings short, 300–330 μm long, without alar lobes, setae, sensoria, or veins. Postoccipital ridge (por) weakly or strongly sclerotized, lateral ends normally bifurcate. Dorsal arm of midcranial ridge (dmcr) thin, touching postoccipital ridge posteriorly; connected to lateral (lmcr) arms anteriorly. Dorsomedial sclerite (dmep) lightly sclerotized. Dorsal eye (dse) approximately 21–24 μm in diameter. Lateral ocellus (lo) present where dorsal and ventral postocular ridge (pocr) reaches margin of head. Ocular sclerite (ocs) weakly sclerotized dorsally. Microtrichia in medial areas of posterior abdominal segments. Penial sheath (ps) 85–95 μm long; elongate, width 64–95 μm; width/length 0.8–1.0, style (st) in lateral view slightly curved, apically with several small papillae. Sheath with indication of longitudinal division ventrally. Dorsal surface weakly sclerotized anteriorly, with 2 setae on each side; ventral surface with small swellings laterally, each containing 1–3 setae. Basal rod (br) small, not reaching anterior margin of penial sheath. Anal opening (ao) near anterior edge of penial sheath. Venter usually with flagellate setae laterally, mediolaterally, and medially, less abundant anteriorly; thoracic setae with or without single pair near anterior legs, usually with single pair anterior to hind legs; head setae present near midline of head between antennal base and ventral eye. Abdominal sclerotization weakly developed on medial and mediolateral areas of segments II to VIII; without sclerotization elsewhere. Metathoracic precoxal ridge (pcr3) weakly developed. Mesosternum (stn2) well-developed, with furca (fc); lateropleurites (lpl) on mesothorax triangular. Prosternum (stn1) absent. Mouth tubercle (mt) present. Preoral ridge (pror) weakly or strongly sclerotized, not touching postocular ridge. Ventral midcranial ridge (vmcr) absent, or weakly developed anteriorly. Cranial apophysis (ca) rounded apically. Ocular sclerite (ocs) unsclerotized except immediately surrounding ventral eye or sclerotized between eyes. Ventral eye (ve) 20–21 μm in diameter. Prothoracic or metathoracic legs longest. Fleshy setae present on outer distal portion of tibia. Inner setae on apical margin of tibia and tarsus enlarged. Claw with small denticle; digitules on tarsus and claw weakly capitate. Antennae each 8- or 9-segmented, 307–365 μm long, second or third segments longest, 1.9–2.0 times longer than apical segment, last segment apically rounded or slightly pointed. Fleshy setae present on segments 3–9; capitate setae (cs) present on last 3 or 4 segments. With frontal tubercle near base of antennae. Notes: The description is based on four specimens from two localities. The brachypterous adult male of Hy. hyperici is similar to the brachypterous adult male of Acanthococcus salicicola (Borchsenius) and A. spuria (Modeer) as described by Afifi (1968) in having short wings. They differ as follows (character states in brackets are those of Hy. hyperici): hamulohalteres present (absent); without multilocular pores near posterior spiracle (present); fleshy setae on antennae about same length as flagellate setae (shorter than flagellate setae). There is a single specimen that looks like the apterous form, but it has a small wing bud on one side that is about 52 μm long and has alar sclerites at the base of the wing. Adult male (apterous) (Fig. 38) Description: Slide-mounted specimens 0.7–0.9 mm long, 0.2–0.4 mm wide. Body elongate, segment VIII not produced laterally. Wings and hamulohalteres absent. Dorsum with 1 pair of tail-forming pore clusters (tfpc); each cluster with 1 or 2 elongate, apically blunt, but not capitate setae, of 2 distinct sizes: longest setae 30–50 μm long; shortest setae about 15 μm long; with 5–8 multilocular pores; some specimens with pore cluster absent or highly reduced. Multilocular pores restricted to tailforming pore clusters, rarely with 1 associated with each posterior spiracle, each multilocular pore with 3, 4, 5, or 6 loculi, 5-locular pores most common. X-type pores (x) present near dorsal arm of midcranial ridge (dmcr). Body setae slender, apically acute, curved, approximately same length as those on venter or slightly shorter, with 2 or 3 near margin and 2 mediolaterally on each side of segments II to VII, with 1 pair of elongate setae in medial area of segment VII and VIII; setae on prothorax, mesothorax and metathorax; head setae anterior to postocular ridge (por), on genae (g), and along dorsal arm of midcranial ridge (dmcr). Abdominal sclerotization on median tergal plate VII and VIII weakly developed and on lateral pleurites of segments II to VIII. Microtrichia present medially and mediolaterally on posterior abdominal segments. Thorax without sclerotization, except lateral areas of scutum (sct) weakly sclerotized and pronotal ridge present (prnr). Postoccipital ridge (por) weakly sclerotized. Dorsal arm of midcranial ridge (dmcr) thin, touching postoccipital ridge (por) posteriorly; connected to lateral (lmcr) and ventral arms (vmcr) anteriorly. Dorsomedial sclerite (dmep) lightly sclerotized. Dorsal eye (dse) 16–21 μm in
Published as part of Miller, Douglass R. & Stocks, Ian C., 2022, New genera and species of felt scales (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Eriococcidae), with descriptions of new species and immature instars of described species, pp. 1-213 in Zootaxa 5221 (1) on pages 67-81, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5221.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7441371
{"references":["Ferris, G. F. (1955) Atlas of the Scale Insects of North America. Vol. 7. the Families Aclerdidae, Asterolecaniidae, Conchaspididae Dactylopiidae and Lacciferidae. III. Stanford University Press, Palo Alto, California, 233 pp.","Williams, D. J. (1961) Changes in nomenclature affecting some Coccoidea (Homoptera). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 97, 92 - 93.","Miller, D. R. & Miller, G. L. (1993) Eriococcidae of the Eastern United States (Homoptera). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 27 (4), 1 - 91.","Afifi, S. A. (1968) Morphology and taxonomy of the adult males of the families Pseudococcidae and Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). British Museum (Natural History), Report on Economic Zoology, 13, 3 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 313991","Hodgson, C. J. (2020) A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males. Zootaxa, 4765 (1), 1 - 264. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4765.1.1"]}
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