Asymmetric memory for harming versus being harmed
Autor: | Suzie Kim, Erik G. Helzer, Chelsea Helion, David A. Pizarro |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
Adult
Male Memory Episodic media_common.quotation_subject Emotions Agency (philosophy) Poison control Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Intention Morals Suicide prevention Article 050105 experimental psychology Young Adult Developmental Neuroscience Injury prevention Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Set (psychology) General Psychology media_common Autobiographical memory 05 social sciences Human factors and ergonomics Middle Aged Morality Mental Recall Female Psychology Social psychology |
Zdroj: | J Exp Psychol Gen |
ISSN: | 1939-2222 0096-3445 |
Popis: | Most people have been both the victim and the perpetrator of a moral transgression at some point in their lives; this article asks whether one set of moral experiences is easier to remember than the other, and why. In Study 1, we documented this basic asymmetry, finding that individuals recalled more instances in which they were the victim of a moral transgression than instances in which they were the perpetrator. In Study 2, we found that this asymmetry in memory arises because experiences of being the victim are perceived more negatively than experiences of being the perpetrator. In Studies 3 and 4, we demonstrated the critical role of intent in this asymmetry, finding that victim memories emphasize perpetrator intent to a greater degree than do perpetrator memories (Study 3), and that the memory asymmetry disappeared when individuals recalled unintentional moral violations (Study 4). Finally, in Study 5, we ruled out a potential alternative mechanism for these effects-that of self-protective motivation on the part of perpetrators. We found that the threat associated with the moral violation moderated victim (but not perpetrator) memories, a finding that is inconsistent with a motivational account for perpetrator memories. This research demonstrates that perceived agency shapes emotional experience and autobiographical memory and speaks to the importance of studying morality as it occurs in everyday contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved). |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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