Stability and in vivo safety of gold, titanium nitride and parylene C coatings on NdFeB magnets implanted in muscles towards a new generation of myokinetic prosthetic limbs
Autor: | Christian Cipriani, Irene Naselli, Veronica Iacovacci, Alice Rita Salgarella, Francesco Clemente, Leonardo Ricotti |
---|---|
Jazyk: | angličtina |
Předmět: |
Materials science
Biocompatibility General Chemical Engineering medicine.medical_treatment 0206 medical engineering 02 engineering and technology General Chemistry engineering.material equipment and supplies 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 020601 biomedical engineering Titanium nitride Prosthesis chemistry.chemical_compound Neodymium magnet chemistry Coating In vivo Magnet engineering medicine Implant 0210 nano-technology human activities Biomedical engineering |
Zdroj: | RSC Advances. 11(12):6766-6775 |
ISSN: | 2046-2069 |
DOI: | 10.1039/d0ra07989h |
Popis: | Rare earth magnets are the elective choice when high magnetic field density is required and they are particularly intriguing for inclusion in implantable devices. A safe implantation of NdFeB magnets in muscles would enable the control of limb prostheses using a myokinetic interface i.e., direct control of artificial limb movements by means of magnetic tracking of residual muscle contractions. However, myokinetic prosthesis control is prevented by NdFeB magnets poor biocompatibility, at present. Here we investigated three biocompatible materials as NdFeB magnet coating candidates, namely gold, titanium nitride and parylene C, which have not been analyzed in a systematic way for this purpose, so far. In vitro testing in a tissue-mimicking environment and upon contact with C2C12 myoblasts enabled assessment of the superiority of parylene C coated magnets in terms of corrosion prevention and lack of cytotoxicity. In addition, parylene C coated magnets implanted in rabbit muscles for 28 days confirmed, both locally and systemically, their biocompatibility, with a lack of irritation and toxicity associated with the implant. These findings pave the way towards the development of implantable devices based on permanent magnets and of a new generation of limb prostheses. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
Externí odkaz: |