The role of the brown bear Ursus arctos as a legitimate megafaunal seed disperser
| Autor: | Nina Farwig, Alberto García-Rodríguez, Nuria Selva, Sylwia Szczutkowska, Jörg Albrecht, Alfredo Valido |
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| Přispěvatelé: | National Science Centre (Poland), BiodivERsA, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), National Centre for Research and Development (Poland) |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Conservation of Natural Resources Science Seed dispersal Zoology Germination 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Article Frugivore Seed Dispersal Temperate climate Animals Ecosystem services Ecosystem Ursus Seed distribution Multidisciplinary biology Ecology food and beverages biology.organism_classification Diet 010601 ecology Ericaceae Fruit Seeds Medicine Female Rubus Ursidae |
| Zdroj: | Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021) Scientific Reports |
| Popis: | Megafaunal frugivores can consume large amounts of fruits whose seeds may be dispersed over long distances, thus, affecting plant regeneration processes and ecosystem functioning. We investigated the role of brown bears (Ursus arctos) as legitimate megafaunal seed dispersers. We assessed the quantity component of seed dispersal by brown bears across its entire distribution based on information about both the relative frequency of occurrence and species composition of fleshy fruits in the diet of brown bears extracted from the literature. We assessed the quality component of seed dispersal based on germination experiments for 11 fleshy-fruited plant species common in temperate and boreal regions and frequently eaten by brown bears. Across its distribution, fleshy fruits, on average, represented 24% of the bear food items and 26% of the total volume consumed. Brown bears consumed seeds from at least 101 fleshy-fruited plant species belonging to 24 families and 42 genera, of which Rubus (Rosaceae) and Vaccinium (Ericaceae) were most commonly eaten. Brown bears inhabiting Mediterranean forests relied the most on fleshy fruits and consumed the largest number of species per study area. Seeds ingested by bears germinated at higher percentages than those from whole fruits, and at similar percentages than manually depulped seeds. We conclude that brown bears are legitimate seed dispersers as they consume large quantities of seeds that remain viable after gut passage. The decline of these megafaunal frugivores may compromise seed dispersal services and plant regeneration processes. This study was supported by the BearConnect project funded by the National Science Centre in Poland, (2016/22/Z/NZ8/00121) through the 2015–2016 BiodivERsA COFUND call for research proposals, with the national funders ANR/DLR-PT/UEFISCDI/NCN/RCN. Additional funding from the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (project NN304-294037, NS), the National Science Centre in Poland (project DEC-2013/08/M/NZ9/00469, NS), the National Centre for Research and Development (GLOBE, POL-NOR/198352/85/2013, NS, JA) is also acknowledged. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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