Early impact of rotavirus vaccination in children less than five years of age in Mozambique
| Autor: | Jacqueline E. Tate, Goitom Weldegebriel, Eva D. João, Jason M. Mwenda, Jerónimo Langa, Assucênio Chissaque, Idalécia Cossa-Moiane, Nilsa de Deus, Esperança Lourenço Guimarães, Elda Anapakala, Diocreciano Matias Bero, Jorfélia José Chilaúle, Ezequias Sitoe, Júlia Sambo, Umesh D. Parashar, Miguel Bambo, Marta Cassocera |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Diarrhea
Rotavirus 0301 basic medicine Pediatrics medicine.medical_specialty viruses 030106 microbiology Vaccines Attenuated medicine.disease_cause Rotavirus vaccination Rotavirus disease Rotavirus Infections Feces 03 medical and health sciences fluids and secretions 0302 clinical medicine medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Mozambique General Veterinary General Immunology and Microbiology Under-five Immunization Programs business.industry Vaccination Rotavirus Vaccines Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Infant virus diseases Rotavirus vaccine Vaccine introduction Gastroenteritis Hospitalization Infectious Diseases Child Preschool Acute Disease Immunology Molecular Medicine Immunization program medicine.symptom business Sentinel Surveillance |
| Zdroj: | Vaccine. 36:7205-7209 |
| ISSN: | 0264-410X |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.060 |
| Popis: | Background Mozambique introduced rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix, GSK Biologicals) in the National Immunization Program in September 2015 with the objective of reducing the burden of total diarrheal disease and specifically severe rotavirus disease. This study aimed to evaluate the early impact of rotavirus vaccine in reducing all-cause diarrhea and rotavirus-specific hospitalizations. Methods We analysed stool specimens collected from children under five years old, between January 2014 and June 2017 within the National Surveillance for Acute Diarrhea. We compared annual changes in rotavirus positivity, median age of children hospitalized for rotavirus and the number of all-cause for diarrheal hospitalizations. Rotavirus detection was performed using enzyme immunoassay. Results During this period, 1296 samples were collected and analyzed. Rotavirus positivity before vaccine introduction was 40.2% (39/97) in 2014 and 38.3% (225/588) in 2015, then after vaccine introduction reduced to 12.2% and 13.5% in 2016 and 2017, respectively. The median age of children hospitalized for rotavirus was 9 and 11 months in 2014 and 2015 and 10 months in 2016 and 2017. Rotavirus hospitalizations exhibited a seasonal peak prior to vaccine introduction, between June and September in 2014 and 2015, coinciding with winter period in Mozambique. After vaccine introduction, the peak was delayed until August to December in 2016 and was substantially diminished. There was a reduction in all-cause acute diarrhea hospitalizations in children aged 0–11 months after vaccine introduction. Conclusion We observed a reduction in rotavirus positivity and in the number of all-cause diarrhea hospitalizations after vaccine introduction. The data suggest rotavirus vaccine is having a positive impact on the control of rotavirus diarrheal disease in Mozambique. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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