Minimal Virtual Machines on IoT Microcontrollers: The Case of Berkeley Packet Filters with rBPF
| Autor: | Koen Zandberg, Emmanuel Baccelli |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | inTeRnet BEyond the usual (TRiBE ), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria) |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
FOS: Computer and information sciences SIMPLE (military communications protocol) Network packet business.industry Computer science Operating Systems (cs.OS) 020206 networking & telecommunications 020207 software engineering 02 engineering and technology computer.software_genre Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture Computer Science - Operating Systems Microcontroller [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI] Software Virtual machine Embedded system 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Overhead (computing) [INFO]Computer Science [cs] 6LoWPAN business computer Host (network) |
| Zdroj: | HAL PEMWN 2020-9th IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Performance Evaluation and Modeling in Wired and Wireless Networks PEMWN 2020-9th IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Performance Evaluation and Modeling in Wired and Wireless Networks, Dec 2020, Berlin / Virtual, Germany PEMWN |
| DOI: | 10.48550/arxiv.2011.12047 |
| Popis: | to be published in the proceedings of IFIP/IEEE PEMWN 2020; International audience; Virtual machines (VM) are widely used to host and isolate software modules. However, extremely small memory and low-energy budgets have so far prevented wide use of VMs on typical microcontrollerbased IoT devices. In this paper, we explore the potential of two minimal VM approaches on such lowpower hardware. We design rBPF, a register-based VM based on extended Berkeley Packet Filters (eBPF). We compare it with a stack-based VM based on We-bAssembly (Wasm) adapted for embedded systems. We implement prototypes of each VM, hosted in the IoT operating system RIOT. We perform measurements on commercial off-the-shelf IoT hardware. Unsurprisingly, we observe that both Wasm and rBPF virtual machines yield execution time and memory overhead, compared to not using a VM. We show however that this execution time overhead is tolerable for low-throughput, lowenergy IoT devices. We further show that, while using a VM based on Wasm entails doubling the memory budget for a simple networked IoT application using a 6LoWPAN/CoAP stack, using a VM based on rBPF requires only negligible memory overhead (less than 10% more memory). rBPF is thus a promising approach to host small software modules, isolated from OS software, and updatable on-demand, over low-power networks. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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