Highly Efficient Architecture of NewHope-NIST on FPGA using Low-Complexity NTT/INTT
| Autor: | Bohan Yang, Chen Chen, Shouyi Yin, Neng Zhang, Leibo Liu, Shaojun Wei |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
lcsh:Computer engineering. Computer hardware
lcsh:T58.5-58.64 lcsh:Information technology Computer science business.industry lcsh:TK7885-7895 post-quantum cryptography Low complexity ring learning with errors NewHope Embedded system NIST Architecture business Field-programmable gate array FPGA number theoretic transform |
| Zdroj: | Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Vol 2020, Iss 2 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2569-2925 |
| DOI: | 10.46586/tches.v2020.i2.49-72 |
| Popis: | NewHope-NIST is a promising ring learning with errors (RLWE)-based postquantum cryptography (PQC) for key encapsulation mechanisms. The performance on the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) affects the applicability of NewHope-NIST. In RLWE-based PQC algorithms, the number theoretic transform (NTT) is one of the most time-consuming operations. In this paper, low-complexity NTT and inverse NTT (INTT) are used to implement highly efficient NewHope-NIST on FPGA. First, both the pre-processing of NTT and the post-processing of INTT are merged into the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm, which reduces N and 2N modular multiplications for N-point NTT and INTT, respectively. Second, a compact butterfly unit and an efficient modular reduction on the modulus 12289 are proposed for the low-complexity NTT/INTT architecture, which achieves an improvement of approximately 3× in the area time product (ATP) compared with the results of the state-of-the-art designs. Finally, a highly efficient architecture with doubled bandwidth and timing hiding for NewHope-NIST is presented. The implementation results on an FPGA show that our design is at least 2.5× faster and has 4.9× smaller ATP compared with the results of the state-of-the-art designs of NewHope-NIST on similar platforms. IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 2 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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