Substance P and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide: Key Regulators of Cutaneous Microbiota Homeostasis
| Autor: | Valérie Borrel, Jérémy Enault, Olivier Maillot, Olivier Lesouhaitier, Sylvie Chevalier, Vladimir K. Plakunov, Pierre-Jean Racine, A. V. Gannesen, Marc G. J. Feuilloley, Awa N’Diaye |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS) |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Protein moonlighting Mini Review substance P Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism 030106 microbiology Bacillus cereus EfTu thermo unstable ribosomal elongation factor Virulence Calcitonin gene-related peptide medicine.disease_cause calcitonin gene-related peptide Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences Endocrinology Staphylococcus epidermidis skin bacterial communication medicine moonlighting proteins integumentary system biology microbial endocrinology DnaK chaperone protein biology.organism_classification MscL mechanosensitive channel [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology Staphylococcus aureus Neurohormones Bacteria |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Endocrinology Frontiers in Endocrinology, Frontiers, 2017, 8, ⟨10.3389/fendo.2017.00015⟩ |
| ISSN: | 1664-2392 |
| Popis: | International audience; Neurohormones diffuse in sweat and epidermis leading skin bacterial microflora to be largely exposed to these host factors. Bacteria can sense a multitude of neurohormones, but their role in skin homeostasis was only investigated recently. The first study focused on substance P (SP), a neuropeptide produced in abundance by skin nerve terminals. SP is without effect on the growth of Gram-positive (Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas fluorescens) bacteria. However, SP is stimulating the virulence of Bacillus and Staphylococci. The action of SP is highly specific with a threshold below the nanomolar level. Mechanisms involved in the response to SP are different between bacteria although they are all leading to increased adhesion and/or virulence. The moonlighting protein EfTu was identified as the SP-binding site in B. cereus and Staphylococci. In skin nerve terminals, SP is co-secreted with the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which was shown to modulate the virulence of S. epidermidis. This effect is antagonized by SP. Identification of the CGRP sensor, DnaK, allowed understanding this phenomenon as EfTu and DnaK are apparently exported from the bacterium through a common system before acting as SP and CGRP sensors. Many other neuropeptides are expressed in skin, and their potential effects on skin bacteria remain to be investigated. Integration of these host signals by the cutaneous microbiota now appears as a key parameter in skin homeostasis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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