The Default Mode Network in Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) is Similar to That of Humans
| Autor: | Sarah K. Barks, Lisa A. Parr, James K. Rilling |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Pan troglodytes Brain activity and meditation Cognitive Neuroscience Precuneus Posterior parietal cortex Neuropsychological Tests behavioral disciplines and activities Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Cognition Species Specificity Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 Cortex (anatomy) Neural Pathways medicine Animals Humans Prefrontal cortex Social Behavior Default mode network Temporal cortex Brain Mapping Brain Articles medicine.anatomical_structure Posterior cingulate Positron-Emission Tomography Female Radiopharmaceuticals Psychology human activities psychological phenomena and processes Cognitive psychology |
| Popis: | The human default mode network (DMN), comprising medial prefrontal cortex, precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex, lateral parietal cortex, and medial temporal cortex, is highly metabolically active at rest but deactivates during most focused cognitive tasks. The DMN and social cognitive networks overlap significantly in humans. We previously demonstrated that chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) show highest resting metabolic brain activity in the cortical midline areas of the human DMN. Human DMN is defined by task-induced deactivations, not absolute resting metabolic levels; ergo, resting activity is insufficient to define a DMN in chimpanzees. Here, we assessed the chimpanzee DMN's deactivations relative to rest during cognitive tasks and the effect of social content on these areas' activity. Chimpanzees performed a match-to-sample task with conspecific behavioral stimuli of varying sociality. Using [(18)F]-FDG PET, brain activity during these tasks was compared with activity during a nonsocial task and at rest. Cortical midline areas in chimpanzees deactivated in these tasks relative to rest, suggesting a chimpanzee DMN anatomically and functionally similar to humans. Furthermore, when chimpanzees make social discriminations, these same areas (particularly precuneus) are highly active relative to nonsocial tasks, suggesting that, as in humans, the chimpanzee DMN may play a role in social cognition. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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