Actin cortex architecture regulates cell surface tension
| Autor: | Ewa K. Paluch, Guillaume Salbreux, Philippe P. Roux, Priyamvada Chugh, Kai Dierkes, Matthew B. Smith, Davide A. D. Cassani, Andrew G. Clark, Anan Ragab, Guillaume Charras |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Cofilin 1 Formins Mitosis macromolecular substances Biology Transfection Mechanotransduction Cellular Models Biological Article 03 medical and health sciences Actin remodeling of neurons 0302 clinical medicine Cell cortex Myosin Humans Surface Tension Computer Simulation Cell Shape Interphase Actin Adaptor Proteins Signal Transducing CapZ Actin Capping Protein Cell Cycle Cell Biology Actin cytoskeleton Actins Cell biology Actin Cytoskeleton 030104 developmental biology biology.protein 030217 neurology & neurosurgery HeLa Cells |
| Zdroj: | Nature cell biology |
| ISSN: | 1476-4679 |
| Popis: | Animal cell shape is largely determined by the cortex, a thin actin network underlying the plasma membrane in which myosin-driven stresses generate contractile tension. Tension gradients result in local contractions and drive cell deformations. Previous cortical tension regulation studies have focused on myosin motors. Here, we show that cortical actin network architecture is equally important. First, we observe that actin cortex thickness and tension are inversely correlated during cell-cycle progression. We then show that the actin filament length regulators CFL1, CAPZB and DIAPH1 regulate mitotic cortex thickness and find that both increasing and decreasing thickness decreases tension in mitosis. This suggests that the mitotic cortex is poised close to a tension maximum. Finally, using a computational model, we identify a physical mechanism by which maximum tension is achieved at intermediate actin filament lengths. Our results indicate that actin network architecture, alongside myosin activity, is key to cell surface tension regulation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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