Multiple origins of symbioses between ascomycetes and bryophytes suggested by a five-gene phylogeny
| Autor: | Peter Döbbeler, Kimmo Syrjänen, Leena Myllys, Seppo Huhtinen, Tomi Laukka, Soili Stenroos, Jaakko Hyvönen |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0303 health sciences Ascomycota Phylogenetic tree Lineage (evolution) Biology biology.organism_classification 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences 030308 mycology & parasitology 03 medical and health sciences Symbiosis Phylogenetics Genus Evolutionary biology Botany Clade Gene Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics |
| Zdroj: | Cladistics : the international journal of the Willi Hennig SocietyReferences. 26(3) |
| ISSN: | 1096-0031 |
| Popis: | Numerous species of microscopic fungi inhabit mosses and hepatics. They are severely overlooked and their identity and nutritional strategies are mostly unknown. Most of these bryosymbiotic fungi belong to the Ascomycota. Their fruit-bodies are extremely small, often reduced and simply structured, which is why they cannot be reliably identified and classified by their morphological and anatomical characters. A phylogenetic hypothesis of bryosymbiotic ascomycetes is presented. New sequences of 78 samples, including 61 bryosymbionts, were produced, the total amount of terminals being 206. Of these, 202 are Ascomycetes. Sequences from the following five gene loci were used: rDNA SSU, rDNA LSU, RPB2, mitochondrial rDNA SSU, and rDNA 5.8S. The program TNT was used for tree search and support value estimation. We show that bryosymbiotic fungi occur in numerous lineages, one of which represents a newly discovered lineage among the Ascomycota and exhibits a tripartite association with cyanobacteria and sphagna. A new genus Trizodia is proposed for this basal clade. Our results demonstrate that even highly specialized life strategies can be adopted multiple times during evolution, and that in many cases bryosymbionts appear to have evolved from saprobic ancestors. © The Willi Hennig Society 2009. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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