Omega-3 Fatty Acids Reduce Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Human Subjects With Insulin Resistance
| Autor: | Brian S. Finlin, Lindsey Rae Shipp, R. Grace Walton, Philip A. Kern, Andrew J. Morris, Michael L. Spencer, Akosua Adu, Robert E. McGehee, Jonah Lee, Charlotte A. Peterson, Marilyn S. Campbell, Beibei Zhu, Rod A. Erfani, Resat Unal |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Adipose tissue Body Mass Index chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Adipocyte Cells Cultured Chemokine CCL2 Original Research chemistry.chemical_classification Metabolic Syndrome 0303 health sciences Muscles Anti-Inflammatory Agents Non-Steroidal Middle Aged 3. Good health Drug Combinations Eicosapentaenoic Acid Docosahexaenoic acid Female medicine.medical_specialty Docosahexaenoic Acids Adipose tissue macrophages Abdominal Fat Down-Regulation 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Biology 03 medical and health sciences Insulin resistance Fish Oils Internal medicine Fatty Acids Omega-3 Internal Medicine medicine Humans Obesity RNA Messenger adipocyte protein 2 030304 developmental biology Adiponectin Macrophages Fatty acid medicine.disease Pharmacology and Therapeutics Coculture Techniques Capillaries Endocrinology chemistry Dietary Supplements biology.protein Angiogenesis Inducing Agents Insulin Resistance |
| Zdroj: | Diabetes |
| ISSN: | 1939-327X 0012-1797 |
| Popis: | Fish oils (FOs) have anti-inflammatory effects and lower serum triglycerides. This study examined adipose and muscle inflammatory markers after treatment of humans with FOs and measured the effects of ω-3 fatty acids on adipocytes and macrophages in vitro. Insulin-resistant, nondiabetic subjects were treated with Omega-3-Acid Ethyl Esters (4 g/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. Plasma macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) levels were reduced by FO, but the levels of other cytokines were unchanged. The adipose (but not muscle) of FO-treated subjects demonstrated a decrease in macrophages, a decrease in MCP-1, and an increase in capillaries, and subjects with the most macrophages demonstrated the greatest response to treatment. Adipose and muscle ω-3 fatty acid content increased after treatment; however, there was no change in insulin sensitivity or adiponectin. In vitro, M1-polarized macrophages expressed high levels of MCP-1. The addition of ω-3 fatty acids reduced MCP-1 expression with no effect on TNF-α. In addition, ω-3 fatty acids suppressed the upregulation of adipocyte MCP-1 that occurred when adipocytes were cocultured with macrophages. Thus, FO reduced adipose macrophages, increased capillaries, and reduced MCP-1 expression in insulin-resistant humans and in macrophages and adipocytes in vitro; however, there was no measureable effect on insulin sensitivity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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