Interaction between Physical Activity and Smoking on Lung, Muscle, and Bone in Mice
| Autor: | Thierry Troosters, Nele Heulens, Ghislaine N. Gayan-Ramirez, Nele Cielen, Geert Carmeliet, Wim Janssens, Karen Maes |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Male medicine.medical_specialty Neutrophils medicine.medical_treatment Clinical Biochemistry Osteoporosis Cell Count Bed rest Bone and Bones 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Atrophy Weight loss Internal medicine Physical Conditioning Animal medicine Animals Lung volumes Muscle Skeletal Molecular Biology Lung Soleus muscle business.industry Body Weight Smoking Cell Biology Feeding Behavior Organ Size Pneumonia medicine.disease Muscle atrophy Respiratory Function Tests Mice Inbred C57BL 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology medicine.anatomical_structure 030228 respiratory system Physical therapy Body Composition medicine.symptom business |
| Zdroj: | American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology. 54(5) |
| ISSN: | 1535-4989 |
| Popis: | Physical inactivity is an important contributor to skeletal muscle weakness, osteoporosis and weight loss in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the effects of physical inactivity, in interaction with smoking, on lung, muscle and bone are poorly understood. To address this issue, male mice were randomly assigned into an active (daily running), moderately inactive (space restriction) or extremely inactive group (space restriction followed by hindlimb suspension to mimic bed rest) during 24 weeks and simultaneously exposed to either cigarette smoke or room air. The effects of different physical activity levels and smoking status and their respective interaction were examined on lung function, body composition, in vitro limb muscle function and bone parameters. Smoking caused emphysema, reduced food intake with subsequent loss of body weight, fat, lean and muscle mass but increased trabecular bone volume. Smoking induced muscle fiber atrophy which did not result in force impairment. Moderate inactivity only affected lung volumes and compliance, whereas extreme inactivity increased lung inflammation, lowered body and fat mass, induced fiber atrophy with soleus muscle dysfunction and reduced exercise capacity and all bone parameters. When combined with smoking, extreme inactivity also aggravated lung inflammation and emphysema, and accelerated body and muscle weight loss. This study shows that extreme inactivity, especially when imposed by absolute rest, accelerates lung damage and inflammation. When combined with smoking, extreme inactivity is deleterious for muscle bulk, bone and lungs. These data highlight that the consequences of physical inactivity during the course of COPD should not be neglected. ispartof: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology vol:54 issue:5 pages:674-682 ispartof: location:United States status: published |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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