Comprehensive validation of T- and B-cell deficiency in rag1-null zebrafish: Implication for the robust innate defense mechanisms of teleosts
| Autor: | Yasutoshi Yoshiura, Takahiro Nagasawa, Masamichi Shirouzu, Ryota Sugahara, Tomonori Somamoto, Miki Nakao, Mitsuru Ototake, Ikunari Kiryu, Yumie Tokunaga |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
T-Lymphocytes Science Hepatopancreas chemical and pharmacologic phenomena Innate lymphoid cells Adaptive Immunity Biology Article Recombination-activating gene Fish Diseases Mice 03 medical and health sciences Immune system Immunity biology.animal Animals Homeostasis Humans Zebrafish Disease Resistance Homeodomain Proteins Innate immunity B-Lymphocytes Multidisciplinary Innate immune system Vertebrate hemic and immune systems VDJ recombination biology.organism_classification Acquired immune system Immunity Innate CTL 030104 developmental biology Immunology Medicine Spleen |
| Zdroj: | Scientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017) Scientific Reports |
| ISSN: | 2045-2322 |
| Popis: | rag1−/− zebrafish have been employed in immunological research as a useful immunodeficient vertebrate model, but with only fragmentary evidence for the lack of functional adaptive immunity. rag1-null zebrafish exhibit differences from their human and murine counterparts in that they can be maintained without any specific pathogen-free conditions. To define the immunodeficient status of rag1−/− zebrafish, we obtained further functional evidence on T- and B-cell deficiency in the fish at the protein, cellular, and organism levels. Our developed microscale assays provided evidence that rag1−/− fish do not possess serum IgM protein, that they do not achieve specific protection even after vaccination, and that they cannot induce antigen-specific CTL activity. The mortality rate in non-vaccinated fish suggests that rag1−/− fish possess innate protection equivalent to that of rag1+/− fish. Furthermore, poly(I:C)-induced immune responses revealed that the organ that controls anti-viral immunity is shifted from the spleen to the hepatopancreas due to the absence of T- and B-cell function, implying that immune homeostasis may change to an underside mode in rag-null fish. These findings suggest that the teleost relies heavily on innate immunity. Thus, this model could better highlight innate immunity in animals that lack adaptive immunity than mouse models. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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