Land application of municipal landfill leachate: fate of ions and ammonia volatilization
| Autor: | Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso, Waldemar Zangaro, A. M. Martines, C. A. Santos, Diva Souza Andrade, Kellen Banhos do Carmo, S. M. C. P. Silva, L. C. Panchoni, Galdino Andrade, Daniel Bini, Biana Harumi Kuwano, Marco Antonio Nogueira |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Ions
Environmental Engineering Chemistry Nitrogen Ultisol Management Monitoring Policy and Law Ammonia volatilization from urea Pollution Refuse Disposal chemistry.chemical_compound Agronomy Ammonia Environmental chemistry Soil horizon Soil Pollutants Ammonium Nitrification Leachate Leaching (agriculture) Volatilization Waste Management and Disposal Water Pollutants Chemical Water Science and Technology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of environmental quality. 42(2) |
| ISSN: | 0047-2425 |
| Popis: | Landfill leachates are pollutants rich in ammoniacal N, Na, and K, but land application potentially offers an alternative for recycling these leachate nutrients. We applied landfill leachate corresponding to 0, 110, 220, 330, and 440 kg ha of total N, divided in three applications (July, August, and October 2008), onto the surface of an acidic (pH 5.5-6.0) clay (79% clay) Ultisol and monitored NH volatilization just after applications and microbiological (0-10 cm) and chemical attributes (0-60-cm soil depth) in August 2008, January 2009, and May 2009. Ammonium (up to 30 mg kg), NO (up to 160 mg kg), Na, K (up to 1.1 cmol kg each), and electrical conductivity (up to 1 dS m) increased transiently in soil following applications. Despite >90% of the total leachate N being ammoniacal, NO predominated in the first soil sampling, 14 d after the second application, suggesting fast nitrification, but it decreased in the soil profile thereafter. From 5 to 25% of the total applied N volatilized as NH, with maximum losses within the first 3 d. Applications inhibited (50%) the relative nitrification rate and increased (50%) hot-water-soluble carbohydrates in the soil at the highest rate. No effects were observed on soil microbial biomass C (114-205 mg kg) and activity (5-8 mg CO-C kg d) or on corn grain yields (6349-7233 kg ha). Controlled land application seems to be a viable alternative for landfill leachate management, but NO leaching, NH volatilization, and accumulation of salinizing ions must be monitored in the long term to prevent environmental degradation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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