The extensibility of the plantar fascia influences the windlass mechanism during human running
| Autor: | Daniel E. Lieberman, Glen A. Lichtwark, Lauren Welte, Luke A. Kelly, Susan E. D’Andrea, Michael J. Rainbow, Sarah E. Kessler |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
musculoskeletal diseases
Foot strike Strain (injury) Extensibility General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Running Ground contact 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Gait (human) medicine Humans Fascia Arch Gait 030304 developmental biology General Environmental Science 0303 health sciences Morphology and Biomechanics General Immunology and Microbiology Foot General Medicine Anatomy musculoskeletal system medicine.disease Biomechanical Phenomena body regions medicine.anatomical_structure Windlass Plantar fascia General Agricultural and Biological Sciences human activities 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Geology |
| Zdroj: | Proc Biol Sci |
| ISSN: | 1471-2954 0962-8452 |
| DOI: | 10.1098/rspb.2020.2095 |
| Popis: | The arch of the human foot is unique among hominins as it is compliant at ground contact but sufficiently stiff to enable push-off. These behaviours are partly facilitated by the ligamentous plantar fascia whose role is central to two mechanisms. The ideal windlass mechanism assumes that the plantar fascia has a nearly constant length to directly couple toe dorsiflexion with a change in arch shape. However, the plantar fascia also stretches and then shortens throughout gait as the arch-spring stores and releases elastic energy. We aimed to understand how the extensible plantar fascia could behave as an ideal windlass when it has been shown to strain throughout gait, potentially compromising the one-to-one coupling between toe arc length and arch length. We measured foot bone motion and plantar fascia elongation using high-speed X-ray during running. We discovered that toe plantarflexion delays plantar fascia stretching at foot strike, which probably modifies the distribution of the load through other arch tissues. Through a pure windlass effect in propulsion, a quasi-isometric plantar fascia's shortening is delayed to later in stance. The plantar fascia then shortens concurrently to the windlass mechanism, likely enhancing arch recoil at push-off. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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