The skin crawls, the stomach turns: ectoparasites and pathogens elicit distinct defensive responses in humans
| Autor: | Daniel M. T. Fessler, Tiffany J. Hwang, Tanvi P Sakhamuru, Sonia Alas, Bozhi Wu, Adam Maxwell Sparks, Vedika Lal, Tom R. Kupfer, Colin Holbrook, Theodore Samore |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Social Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
China
Defence mechanisms disgust Zoology Ectoparasitic Infestations Biology Medical and Health Sciences 050105 experimental psychology General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology behavioural immune system 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Animals Humans Behaviour Parasites 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Skin General Environmental Science grooming Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences General Immunology and Microbiology Stomach 05 social sciences pathogens General Medicine Biological Sciences Disgust Good Health and Well Being ectoparasites General Agricultural and Biological Sciences 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings. Biological sciences, vol 288, iss 1955 Proc Biol Sci Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 288(1955):20210376, 1-8. Royal Society of London Kupfer, T R, Fessler, D M T, Wu, B, Hwang, T, Sparks, A M, Alas, S, Samore, T, Lal, V, Sakhamuru, T P & Holbrook, C 2021, ' The skin crawls, the stomach turns: ectoparasites and pathogens elicit distinct defensive responses in humans ', Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol. 288, no. 1955, 20210376, pp. 1-8 . https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.0376 |
| ISSN: | 0962-8452 |
| DOI: | 10.1098/rspb.2021.0376 |
| Popis: | Disgust has long been viewed as a primary motivator of defensive responses to threats posed by both microscopic pathogens and macroscopic ectoparasites. Although disgust can defend effectively against pathogens encountered through ingestion or incidental contact, it offers limited protection against ectoparasites, which actively pursue a host and attach to its surface. Humans might, therefore, possess a distinct ectoparasite defence system—including cutaneous sensory mechanisms and grooming behaviours—functionally suited to guard the body's surface. In two US studies and one in China, participants ( N = 1079) viewed a range of ectoparasite- and pathogen-relevant video stimuli and reported their feelings, physiological sensations, and behavioural motivations. Participants reported more surface-guarding responses towards ectoparasite stimuli than towards pathogen stimuli, and more ingestion/contamination-reduction responses towards pathogen stimuli than towards ectoparasite stimuli. Like other species, humans appear to possess evolved psychobehavioural ectoparasite defence mechanisms that are distinct from pathogen defence mechanisms. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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