Flow-electrode capacitive deionization enables continuous and energy-efficient brine concentration
| Autor: | Franziska Egidi, Matthias Wessling, Christian J. Linnartz, Alexandra Rommerskirchen, Sefkan Kendir |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
Capacitive deionization General Chemical Engineering FOS: Physical sciences 02 engineering and technology Applied Physics (physics.app-ph) 7. Clean energy Desalination Adsorption 020401 chemical engineering General Materials Science 0204 chemical engineering Process engineering Water Science and Technology business.industry Mechanical Engineering Physics - Applied Physics General Chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Saline water 6. Clean water Brine Electrode Water treatment 0210 nano-technology business Efficient energy use |
| Zdroj: | Desalination |
| DOI: | 10.48550/arxiv.2204.08897 |
| Popis: | Many industrial and agricultural applications require the treatment of water streams containing high concentrations of ionic species for closing material cycles. High concentration factors are often desired, but hard to achieve with established thermal or membrane-based water treatment technologies at low energy consumptions. Capacitive deionization processes are normally assumed as relevant for the treatment of low salinity solutions only. Flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI), on the other hand, is an electrically driven water desalination technology, which allows the continuous desalination and concentration of saline water streams even at elevated salinities. Ions are adsorbed electrostatically in pumpable carbon flow electrodes, which enable a range of new process designs. In this article, it is shown that continuously operated FCDI systems can be applied for the treatment of salt brines. Concentrations of up to 291.5 g/L NaCl were reached in the concentrate product stream. Based on this, FCDI is a promising technology for brine treatment and salt recovery. Additionally, a reduction of the energy demand by >70% is demonstrated by introducing multiple cell pairs into a continuous FCDI system. While the economic feasibility is not investigated here, the results show that FCDI systems may compete with established technologies regarding their energy demand. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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