Arteether-induced brain injury in Macaca mulatta . I. The precerebellar nuclei: the lateral reticular nuclei, paramedian reticular nuclei, and perihypoglossal nuclei
| Autor: | D. E. Kyle, M. A. Vane, Young Gd, M. Gettayacamin, H K Webster, J. M. Petras, T. G. Brewer, K. D. Corcoran, James O. Peggins, R. A. Bauman |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2000 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Embryology medicine.medical_treatment Malaria Cerebral Physiology Simian Drug Administration Schedule boats Antimalarials chemistry.chemical_compound boats.ship_class Cerebellum Neural Pathways medicine Animals Artemether Neurons Brain Mapping Medulla Oblongata Dose-Response Relationship Drug biology Reticular Formation Plasmodium falciparum Cell Biology Anatomy biology.organism_classification Macaca mulatta Artemisinins chemistry Artesunate Cerebral Malaria Brain Injuries Nerve Degeneration Medulla oblongata Artelinic acid Sesquiterpenes Perihypoglossal nuclei Developmental Biology medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Anatomy and Embryology. 201:383-397 |
| ISSN: | 1432-0568 0340-2061 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s004290050326 |
| Popis: | Malaria poses a threat across several continents: Eurasia (Asia and parts of Eastern Europe), Africa, Central and South America. Bradley (1991) estimates human exposure at 2,073,000,000 with infection rates at 270,000,000, illnesses at 110,000,000, and deaths at 1,000,000. Significant mortality rates are attributed to infection by the parasite Plasmodium falciparum, with an estimated 90% among African children. A worldwide effort is ongoing to chemically and pharmacologically characterize a class of artemisinin compounds that might be promising antimalarial drugs. The U.S. Army is studying the efficacy and toxicity of several artemisinin semi-synthetic compounds: arteether, artemether, artelinic acid, and artesunate. The World Health Organization and the U.S. Army selected arteether for drug development and possible use in the emergency therapy of acute, severe malaria. Male Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were administered different daily doses of arteether, or the vehicle alone (sesame oil), for a period of either 14 days, or 7 days. Neuropathological lesions were found in 14-day arteether treated monkeys in the precerebellar nuclei of the medulla oblongata, namely: (1) the lateral reticular nuclei (subnuclei magnocellularis, parvicellularis, and subtrigeminalis), (2) the paramedian reticular nuclei (subnuclei accessorius, dorsalis, and ventralis), and the perihypoglossal nuclei (n. intercalatus ofStaderini, n.of Roller, and n.prepositus hypoglossi). The data demonstrate that the simian medullary precerebellar nuclei have a high degree of vulnerability when arteether is given for 14 days at dose levels between 8 mg/kg per day and 24 mg/kg per day. The neurological consequences of this treatment regimen could profoundly impair posture, gait, and autonomic regulation, while eye movement disorders might also be anticipated. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full text from SpringerLink