Laboratory-Based Comparison for the Effects of Environmental Stressors Supports Field Evidence for the Relative Importance of Pollution on Life History and Behavior of the Pond Snail, Lymnaea stagnalis
| Autor: | Frances Orton, Emily M. Moore, M. Glória Pereira, Mhairi E. Alexander, Katherine A. Sloman, S.A. Thacker |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Pollution
biology Hatching media_common.quotation_subject Snails Zoology Fresh Water Lymnaea stagnalis General Chemistry 010501 environmental sciences biology.organism_classification 01 natural sciences Signal crayfish Freshwater ecosystem Ecology and Environment Animals Environmental Chemistry Ecotoxicology Reproduction Laboratories Predator Ecosystem Lymnaea 0105 earth and related environmental sciences media_common |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Science & Technology. 55:8806-8816 |
| ISSN: | 1520-5851 0013-936X |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acs.est.1c01640 |
| Popis: | Biodiversity is declining at an alarming rate globally, with freshwater ecosystems particularly threatened. Field-based correlational studies have “ranked” stressors according to their relative effects on freshwater biota, however, supporting cause-effect data from laboratory exposures are lacking. Here, we designed exposures to elicit chronic effects over equivalent exposure ranges for three ubiquitous stressors (temperature: 22–28 °C; pollution [14 component mixture]: 0.05–50 μg/L; invasive predator cue [signal crayfish, Pacifasticus leniusculus]: 25–100% cue) and investigated effects on physiological end points in the pond snail (Lymnaeastagnalis). All stressors reduced posthatch survival at their highest exposure levels, however, highly divergent effects were observed at lower test levels. Temperature stimulated hatching, growth, and reproduction, whereas pollution delayed hatching, decreased growth, reduced egg number/embryo viability, and induced avoidance behavior. The invasive predator cue stimulated growth and reduced embryo viability. In agreement with field-based ranking of stressors, pollution was identified as having the most severe effects in our test system. We demonstrate here the utility of laboratory studies to effectively determine hierarchy of stressors according to their likelihood of causing harm in the field, which has importance for conservation. Finally, we report negative impacts on life-history traits central to population stability (survival/reproduction) at the lowest pollution level tested (0.05 μg/L). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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