Airborne studies of aerosol emissions from savanna fires in southern Africa: 2. Aerosol chemical composition
| Autor: | Mo Andreae, Fg Wienhold, W. Elbert, T Zenker, J. Beer, Willy Maenhaut, Hélène Cachier, Harold J. Annegarn, P. le Canut, T. W. Andreae, Imre Salma |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Atmosphérique Expérimentale (CAE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) |
| Předmět: |
Atmospheric Science
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Particle number T. W. Andreae 3 P. le Canut Soil Science 010501 environmental sciences Aquatic Science Oceanography medicine.disease_cause Combustion Aethalometer and T. Zenker 01 natural sciences 4 I. Salma Geochemistry and Petrology Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) medicine [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment 2. Aerosol chemical composition M. O. Andreae 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Earth-Surface Processes Water Science and Technology Smoke Hydrology [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere H. Cachier Ecology J. Beer Paleontology Forestry 15. Life on land Particulates W. Maenhaut Soot Aerosol Geophysics 13. Climate action Space and Planetary Science Environmental chemistry 4's F. G. Wienhold Environmental science H. Annegarn Particle counter W. Elbert |
| Zdroj: | Scopus-Elsevier Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 1998, 103 (D24), pp.32119-32128. ⟨10.1029/98JD02280⟩ Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union, 1998, 103 (D24), pp.32119-32128. ⟨10.1029/98JD02280⟩ BASE-Bielefeld Academic Search Engine |
| ISSN: | 2169-897X 2169-8996 |
| DOI: | 10.1029/98JD02280⟩ |
| Popis: | International audience; We investigated smoke emissions from fires in savanna, forest, and agricultural ecosystems by airborne sampling of plumes close to prescribed burns and incidental fires in southern Africa. Aerosol samples were collected on glass fiber filters and on stacked filter units, consisting of a Nuclepore prefilter for particles larger than-• 1-2 gm and a Teflon second filter stage for the submicron fraction. The samples were analyzed for soluble ionic components, organic carbon, and black carbon. Onboard the research aircraft, particle number and volume distributions as a function of size were determined with a laser-optical particle counter and the black carbon content of the aerosol with an aethalometer. We determined the emission ratios (relative to CO2 and CO) and emission factors (relative to the amount of biomass burnt) for the various aerosol constituents. The smoke aerosols were rich in organic and black carbon, the latter representing 10-30% of the aerosol mass. K + and NH• were the dominant cationic species in the smoke of most fires, while C1-and so•-were the most important anions. The aerosols were unusually rich in CI-, probably due to the high C1 content of the semiarid vegetation. Comparison of the element budget of the fuel before and after the fires shows that the fraction of the elements released during combustion is highly variable between elements. In the case of the halogen elements, almost the entire amount released during the fire is present in the aerosol phase, while in the case of C, N, and S, only a small proportion ends up as particulate matter. This suggests that the latter elements are present predominantly as gaseous species in the fresh fire plumes studied here. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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