Disparate temperature-dependent virus – host dynamics for SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in the human respiratory epithelium
| Autor: | Vincent Gardeux, Melle Holwerda, Philip V'kovski, Elisa Cora, Jasmine Portmann, Laura Laloli, Bart Deplancke, Manon Wider, Joern Pezoldt, Volker Thiel, Daniel Alpern, Silvio Steiner, Jenna N. Kelly, Nadine Ebert, Mitra Gultom, Hanspeter Stalder, Julie Russeil, Annika Kratzel, Bastien Mangeat, Thao Dang-Hien Tran, Rune Hartmann, Ronald Dijkman |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0303 health sciences
Innate immune system Transmission (medicine) viruses fungi Biology Epithelium Virus respiratory tract diseases 3. Good health Microbiology body regions Transcriptome 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine.anatomical_structure Viral replication medicine Respiratory epithelium skin and connective tissue diseases 030217 neurology & neurosurgery 030304 developmental biology Respiratory tract |
| Popis: | The human conductive respiratory tract spans a long anatomical distance and represents an important barrier to constrain invading respiratory pathogens. The disparate ambient temperatures found in the upper and lower respiratory tract have been demonstrated to influence the replication kinetics of common cold viruses as well as the associated host responses. Here, we employed the human airway epithelial cell (hAEC) culture model to investigate the impact of ambient temperatures found in the upper and lower respiratory tract, 33°C and 37°C, respectively, on the viral replication kinetics and host innate immune response dynamics during SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infections. Strikingly, SARS-CoV-2, in contrast to SARS-CoV, replicated more efficiently at temperatures encountered in the upper respiratory tract, and displayed higher sensitivity to type I and type III IFNs than SARS-CoV. Time-resolved transcriptome analysis highlighted a temperature-dependent induction of IFN-mediated antiviral response, whose amplitude inversely correlated with the replication kinetic efficiencies of both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV at temperatures found in the upper and lower respiratory tract. Altogether, these data reflect clinical features of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV and subsequently, their associated human-to-human transmission efficiencies. They provide crucial insights of the profound impact of ambient temperatures on viral replication and associated pivotal virus - host interaction dynamics. This knowledge can be exploited for the development of novel intervention strategies against SARS-CoV-2. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|